北方粪污产沼能源型奶牛养殖场污染物削减核算  

Total Pollutants Amount Production and Discharge Calculation of the Largescale Dairy Farm Using Waste to Make Biogas Energy in Northern Region

作　　者：郭二果 李现华 张树礼 刘建国[4] 张涛 许继飞[5] 李国庆 美英[4] 倪茹 张秋萍[4] 

机构地区：[1]呼和浩特市环境监测中心站,内蒙古呼和浩特010030 [2]呼和浩特市环境科学研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010050 [3]内蒙古自治区环境科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010011 [4]内蒙古工业大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010051 [5]内蒙古大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [6]呼和浩特市环境保护局,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2017年第9期217-220,共4页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：2013年内蒙古自治区科技重大专项:北方地区畜禽养殖污染综合防治技术开发及集成示范

摘　　要：畜禽粪污的处理和污染物总量削减是畜禽养殖业主要关心的环保问题。该文以呼和浩特市某公司为例,通过为期一年的实地调研和监测研究北方地区典型产沼能源型规模化奶牛养殖场COD和氨氮的产排、削减情况。结果表明:(1)泌乳牛粪便、尿液、生产废水产生量共约50 kg/(头·d),在37.8~39℃条件下推流发酵26 d后,沼渣产生量占发酵前干物质的50%,沼液产生量占总发酵物料的73%,沼气产生量约占总发酵物料的1.8%。(2)泌乳牛粪污COD产生系数为1 040.91 g/(头·d),氨氮产生系数为27.27 g/(头·d)。(3)调节池可消减COD 5.90%,消减氨氮8.33%;在37.8~39℃条件下推流发酵26 d后,COD降解了33.84%,氨氮增加了100%;占总产生量19.87%的COD通过沼液回冲牛舍和沼渣作垫料内部消化,其余占总产生量40.17%的COD随剩余沼液还田。Treatment of livestock and poultry manure and reductions of total pollutants amount are the important environ-mental issues in livestock and poultry industry. Through surveying and monitoring for one year, COD and ammonia nitrogen discharges and reductions were researched on a typical large-scale dairy farm which makes biogas energy using waste in northern Hohhot. The results indicated that the production quantity of feces, urine and production wastewater were about 50 kilogram per lactating cow everyday in total. After fermentation for 26 days under the condition of 37.8 ~39 ℃, biogas residues production accounted for 50% of the dry matter before fermentation, and the amount of biogas slurry was 73% of the total fermented materials, and biogas was 1.8%. COD production coefficient of lactation cow manure was 1 040.91 gram per cow every day, and ammonia nitrogen production coefficient was 27.27 gram per cow every day. The eliminating rate of COD in water regulating tank was 5.90%, and the eliminating rate of ammonia nitrogen was 8.33%. After fermentation for 26 days under the condition of 37.8~39 ℃, COD was reduced by 33.84%, while ammonia nitrogen was increased by 100%. 19.87%of COD was internal reused through rushing the biogas slurry back to the barn and taking biogas residue as cushion material,

关 键 词：北方地区 规模化奶牛养殖场 污染物总量削减 发酵产沼 

分 类 号：X506[环境科学与工程—环境工程]