稻草覆盖对花生木薯间作系统产量和土壤性状的影响  

Effects of Straw Mulching on Yield and Soil Properties of Cassava Intercropping System

作　　者：徐小林[1,2] 吴昌强 李大明[1,2] 胡志华[1] 柳开楼 周利军[1] 叶会财[1] 黄欠如[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江西省红壤研究所,南昌330046 [2]国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心,江西进贤331717

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第29期19-24,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"养分资源可再生多级生物利用技术研究"(2009BADC6B04);中科院知识创新工程重大项目"红壤旱地花生//木薯覆盖技术研究"(KSCX1-YW-09-08)

摘　　要：研究了稻草覆盖对丘陵红壤旱地作物产量提升及土壤改良的效果,以期为南方丘陵红壤旱地土壤培肥、改良及稻草资源合理利用提供指导。通过设置不覆盖稻草、稻草覆盖和稻草覆盖+腐秆菌3个处理,分析了不同稻草覆盖对作物产量、土壤水分、土壤生物活性及土壤速效养分等指标的影响。结果表明:稻草覆盖能显著提高花生、木薯产量,而添加腐秆菌对花生、木薯产量增产效果不明显;稻草覆盖可明显促进土壤速效养分的积累,其中以速效钾提高最大,并显著提高土壤生物活性;稻草覆盖能明显提高土壤含水量,但主要影响0~20 cm土层土壤含水量。本试验条件下,稻草覆盖能显著提高作物产量,若增施腐秆菌可加速稻草秸秆的腐解,促进土壤速效养分的积累。To provide guidance for improving soil fertility, and rational utilization of rice straw in hilly red soilregion in south China, a research was conducted on the effect of straw mulching on crop yield, soil water, soilbiological activity and soil available nutrients by setting up three treatments（no covered straw, straw mulchingand straw mulching ＋ rot fungus）. Results showed that straw mulching significantly increased the yield ofpeanut and cassava, however, straw mulching ＋ rot fungus had little effect on yield increase. Straw mulchingsignificantly increased the available nutrient accumulation, especially the available potassium content, andimproved the soil biological activity obviously. Straw mulching significantly increased soil moisture, but mainlyaffected the soil moisture in the 0-20 cm layer. In this experiment, straw mulching could significantly increasecrop yield, and straw rot fungus application could accelerate the decomposition of rice straw and promote theaccumulation of soil available nutrients.

关 键 词：红壤旱地 稻草覆盖 间作 产量 土壤性状 

分 类 号：S156.6[农业科学—土壤学]