钾硅钙微孔矿物肥对水稻重金属镉的降阻效果研究  

Resistance Reduction Effect on Cd Content in Rice: Microporous Mineral Fertilizer with Potassium, Silicon and Calcium

作　　者：罗思颖[1] 周卫军[1] 潘诚良 辛本军 曹胜[1] 谭洁[1] 刘沛[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙410128 [2]河南中科明星肥业有限公司,河南桐柏474750

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第29期90-94,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：湖南重金属污染耕地修复及农作物种植结构调整试点项目"成土母质对稻田土壤重金属积累的影响"(NC201538MZ01)

摘　　要：为了探明钾硅钙微孔矿物肥对污染稻田土壤重金属镉(Cd)有效性的影响,弄清其对稻谷中Cd含量的降低效果。采用田间小区试验和室内分析测定方法进行研究,试验设5个处理,处理1:对照(CK),常规施肥(40%复合肥450 kg/hm2);处理2:钾硅钙微孔矿物肥600 kg/hm2+常规施肥;处理3:钾硅钙微孔矿物肥750 kg/hm2+常规施肥;处理4:钾硅钙微孔矿物肥1125 kg/hm2+常规施肥;处理5:钾硅钙微孔矿物肥1425 kg/hm2+常规施肥。结果表明:钾硅钙微孔矿物肥可以显著提高水稻穗总粒数、穗实粒数和结实率,提高水稻产量,增产率达到7.5%~16.0%;增加土壤碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量,提高土壤pH值,降低土壤有效Cd含量,从而降低稻谷Cd的积累,最大降低稻谷Cd含量达到38.6%。钾硅钙微孔矿物肥要达到降阻水稻重金属Cd的最佳效果,施用量不能低于1425 kg/hm2。The aims are to clarify the effect of microporous mineral fertilizer with potassium, silicon andcalcium（MFPSC） on the availability of soil heavy metal Cd in polluted rice field, and find out the resistancereduction effect on Cd in rice. A field plot experiment and the indoor analytic determination were employed.Five treatments were set up, treatment 1： CK, conventional fertilization（CF）（40% compound fertilizer 450 kg/hm^2）;treatment 2： MFPSC 600 kg/hm^2＋CF; treatment 3： MFPSC 750 kg/hm^2＋CF; treatment 4： MFPSC 1125 kg/hm^2＋CF; and treatment 5： MFPSC 1425 kg/hm^2＋ CF. The results showed that MFPSC increased the total grainnumber per panicle, the actual number grains per spike, and the ripening rate, and also increased the yieldwith a rate of 7.5%-16.0%. The content of the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, the available phosphorus, and thesoil available potassium increased as well as the soil pH value, then the Cd contents decreased, so that the Cdcontents in rice deceased and the maximum reducing amount was up to 38.6%. Taken together, the resultsindicate that if we want the best resistance reduction effect, MFPSXC application rate could not be less than1425 kg/hm^2.

关 键 词：水稻 钾硅钙微孔矿物肥 土壤调理剂 重金属 降阻效果 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学]