2016年1月22—26日影响海南岛一次强冷天气过程分析  

A Severe Cold Weather Process Affecting Hainan Island in 2016

作　　者：罗婷 薛羽君[1,2] 何忠桂 卢裕钧 

机构地区：[1]三亚市气象局,海南三亚572000 [2]海南省南海气象防灾减灾重点实验室,海口570203

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第30期122-129,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：海南省气象局青年基金项目"登陆海南岛台风的暴雨水汽条件分析及输送过程研究"(HNQXQN201610)

摘　　要：为了深入了解强冷空气影响下海南岛的天气变化特征,进一步提高对强冷空气影响过程预报准确率,利用海南岛区域自动站资料、常规天气观测资料以及NCEP/NCAR 2.5°×2.5°1日4次再分析资料,采用天气学原理和动力学诊断分析方法,对2016年1月22—26日影响海南岛一次强冷天气过程进行分析和总结。结果表明:此次强冷天气过程是由于极地涡旋分裂南下,同时乌拉尔山高压脊强烈发展使冷空气在横槽聚集,横槽前部等高线阶梯形势明显,并伴有明显负变高和冷平流,从而有利横槽转竖南压引导强冷空气向南爆发。强冷平流是造成海南岛出现强烈降温的主要原因;另外,由于低纬地区短波槽活跃,短波槽前暖湿气流与南下冷空气共同作用造成降水。To investigate the characteristics of weather change in Hainan Island under the influence of strongcold air and further improve the prediction accuracy, based on regional automatic station data of Hainan,conventional observation data and NCEP/NCAR 2.5°×2.5° 4-times daily reanalysis data, and with the synopticprinciple and the dynamic diagnosis, the authors analyzed a severe cold weather process affecting HainanIsland during January 22-26, 2016. The results showed that： the polar vortex split toward the south, the ridgein the Ural Mountains fiercely developed so that the cold air could gather in the transverse trough, in front ofthe transverse trough, the gradient of geopotential height was quite large, and the negative variation of theheight was obvious, so was the cold advection, these above mentioned conditions were favorable to revising thetransverse trough and moving southwards, which could guide the outbreak of strong cold air southward. Thestrong cold advection was the main reason of sever cooling in Hainan Island, on the other hand, the shortwavetrough was quite active in low latitude area and the warm wet current in front of that could interact with thesouthward cold air and caused the precipitation.

关 键 词：强冷空气 大气环流 强降温 降水 海南岛 

分 类 号：P458-3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]