基于全尺寸火灾试验的高速列车火源功率确定分析  

The Analysis of The Fire Power Determination of High Speed Train Based on Full-scale Fire Tests

作　　者：朱杰 程奉梅 彭莉 ZHU Jie CHENG Fengmei PENG Li(Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Fire Prevention Technology Chengdu 610101)

机构地区：[1]四川省公共火灾防治技术重点实验室,成都610101

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2017年第10期21-25,共5页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51506135;51446002);四川省科技厅重点支撑项目(2011SZ0242)

摘　　要：如何科学设定火源功率是研究高速列车火灾防治的基础和关键,目前大多数研究均基于假定火灾设计,缺乏系列全尺寸火灾基础试验数据,对此国内外研究尚处于空白。本文以CRH1为研究对象,采用全尺寸火灾试验,分别对车厢座椅、行李、窗帘等车厢内主要可燃物引燃特性、质量损失速率、烟气释放速率、温度场分布等火灾参数及燃烧行为特性进行定量分析;在此基础上,运用热释放速率分段线性叠加、质量损失速率计算及t2稳定火源模型等方法计算分析,最终创造性提出高速列车车厢火源功率应为37MW,进而为高速列车火灾危险性分析及火灾综合防治技术研究提供科学理论依据。How to reasonably determine the power of ignition source is fundamental and crucial to study fire precaution techniques for high - speed trains. Now, most studies are based on assumed fire designs, in lack of serial full - scale fundamental experiment data and both domestic and foreign studies on this topic is still rarely conducted. In this study, the GRH1 is used as the main research object, through the full -scale fire experiments, the combustion characteristics of seats in compartments, luggage , curtain and other main combustibles, such as their ignition characteristics, mass loss rate, smoke release rate and temperature field are summarized and analyzed quantitatively. On the basis of quanti- tative analysis, the sectional linear superposition of heat release rate, the calculation of mass loss rate and t2 stable igni- tion source model are used for calculation and analysis purposes. Finally, the power of ignition source for high - speed compartment, 37 MW, is creatively proposed, which has provided a scientific theoretical basis for the fire danger analy- sis of high - speed trains and fire precautions research.

关 键 词：火源功率确定 全尺寸火灾实验 高速列车车厢 热释放速率 燃烧特性 

分 类 号：U270.14[机械工程—车辆工程] U298.4[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]