某汽车制造企业通风设施的设计及其防护效果  

Design and protective effect of ventilation facilities in an automobile manufacturing enterprise

作　　者：朱方艳[1] 顾红金 张焱 郁红[1] 荣铁渝[1] ZHU Fang-yan GU Hong-jin ZHANG Yart YU Honga RONG Tie-yu(Science and Technology Evaluation Center,Jiangsu Institute of Safety Production Science,Nanjing Jiangsu,210042,China Human resources ＆ Administration Department, Chery Jaguar Land Rover Automotive Co. ,Ltd, Changshu Jiangs u, 215513, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省安全生产科学研究院科技评价中心,江苏南京210042 [2]奇瑞捷豹路虎汽车有限公司人力资源与行政部,江苏常熟215513

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第19期2597-2602,共6页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的研究某汽车制造企业通风设施的设计情况及其实际防护效果。方法采用职业卫生现场调查和职业卫生检测的方法,对职业病危害因素进行识别和检测;对通风设施进行调查和研究,对风速进行检测。结果经过检测,在通风设施正常开启的情况下,大部分罩口风速、控制风速和操作位风速较大,符合相关标准的要求;冲压和焊接车间的粉尘,焊接车间电焊产生的有害因素,涂装车间油漆、固化剂、稀释剂中的有害因素,总装车间汽油及其燃烧尾气中的有害因素在空气中的浓度均符合GBZ 2.1-2007的要求。结论该汽车制造企业四大车间针对其主要的职业病危害因素,均设计通风除尘防毒设施;虽然风机风量和罩口距离设计上存在一定问题,但总体说来设计较为合理,除尘防毒设计能力有效,可以有效控制职业病危害因素的浓度,可以作为职业病危害控制关键技术的应用示范引导项目并加以推广。[Objective]To study the design of ventilation facilities in an automobile manufacturing enterprise,evaluate actual protection effect.[Methods]Based on the methods of field occupational hygiene investigation and occupational health detection,the occupational hazards were identified and determined. The ventilation facilities were investigated and the wind velocity was tested.[Results]The testing results showed that the most of hood velocity,capture velocity and operating position velocity met the requirements of the standards when the ventilation facilities run normally. The concentrations of dust in stamping workshop and welding workshop,hazard factors produced by welding in welding workshop,hazard factors from paint,curing agent and thinner in painting workshop,and hazard factors from gasoline and gasoline exhaust in assembly workshop met the requirements of GBZ 2.1-2007.[Conclusion]According to the major occupational hazards,the dustproof and anti-gas ventilation facilities have been established in four workshops of the automobile manufacturing enterprise. Although there are some problems in the design of the ventilation facilities,such as the airflow and the hood distance,the ventilation design is reasonable and the dustproof and anti-gas design capability is effective. The ventilation facilities can effectively control the concentration of occupational hazards,which can be used as an application demonstration project of key technologies for occupational hazards control,and should be further popularized.

关 键 词：汽车制造企业 通风设施 职业病危害因素 防护效果 

分 类 号：R134.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]