广州市某制药企业流水线工人职业紧张和精神卫生现况调查  

Cross-sectional study on occupational stress and mental health among assembly line workers of a pharmaceutical enterprise in Guangzhou City

作　　者：梁佳志[1] 梁志彬[2] 周珊宇[3] 杨敏[4] LIANG Jia-zhi LIANG Zhi-bin ZHOU Shan-yu YANG Min(Health Monitoring Department Health Education Department, Haizhu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Guangdong, 510288, China Basic Guidance Department Institute of Occupational Health Education and Health Promotion, Guangdong Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital, Guangzhou Guangdong,510300,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市海珠区疾病预防控制中心卫生监测科,广东广州510288 [2]广州市海珠区疾病预防控制中心健康教育科,广东广州510288 [3]广东省职业病防治院基层指导科,广东广州510300 [4]广东省职业病防治院健康教育与健康促进所,广东广州510300

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第20期2763-2766,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：广州市医药卫生科技项目(20141A010091);广东省科技计划项目(2014A020209052)

摘　　要：目的了解广州市某制药企业流水线工人职业紧张和精神卫生现况,为探索制药业职业卫生的健康模式提供科学依据。方法采用Mclean's工作紧张问卷和Goldberg普通健康调查问卷,对广州市某制药企业262名流水线工人进行现况调查。结果该制药企业9.2%的流水线工人感到职业紧张程度大,生产一线工人与不同文化程度的工人职业紧张因素得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);27.5%的工人精神卫生情况异常,其中"紧张和疲劳"异常的比例最高(43.9%);精神卫生异常的工人职业紧张因素、应付能力、工作满意度得分比正常的工人高;年龄的增加是精神卫生的保护性因素,月收入高、应付能力弱、工作满意度差是精神卫生的危险性因素。结论制药企业流水线工人的职业紧张处于适度水平,普遍存在精神卫生异常情况,工人职业紧张因素、应付能力和工作满意度与精神卫生异常相关。制药企业应针对职业紧张因素,采取有效措施,防止工人职业精神卫生异常情况的发生和发展。[Objective] To understand the status of occupational stress and mental health among assembly line workers of a pharmaceutical enterprise in Guangzhou City,provide the scientific basis for exploring the model of occupational health in pharmaceutical industry. [Methods]A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze data of 262 assembly line workers in a pharmaceutical factory in Guangzhou by Mclean＇s Occupational Stress Questionnaire and Goldberg General Health Questionnaire.[Results]9.2% of assembly line workers felt a high occupation tension. There were statistically significant differences in score of occupational stress factors between workers with different educational levels and whether work in assembly line（P〈0.05）. 27.5%of workers had abnormal mental health,and the highest proportion in was abnormal tension and fatigue（43.9%）. The scores of occupational stress,coping ability and job satisfaction of workers with abnormal mental health were higher than those of normal workers. The protective factor for mental health was increased age and the risk factors of mental health were high monthly income,poor coping ability and poor job satisfaction. [Conclusion] The occupational stress is at a moderate level and the abnormal mental health is common among assembly line workers of pharmaceutical enterprise. Occupational stress,coping ability and job satisfaction are related to mental health of workers. Pharmaceutical enterprises should take effective measures according to the occupational stress factors to prevent the occurrence and development of occupational abnormal mental health.

关 键 词：制药厂工人 职业紧张 精神卫生 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]