空间站大气环控系统应急运行策略优化  

Emergency strategy operation optimization for atmosphere environment control system in space station

作　　者：陈云鹏 庞丽萍[1] 尹永利[2] 李国相 王浚[1] CHEN Yunpeng PANG Liping YIN Yongli LI Guoxiang WANG Jun(School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100083, China Institute of Aerospace Composite and Technology of China （Aviation Industry Corporation of China）, Beijing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国航天员科研训练中心,北京100081

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2017年第9期1924-1930,共7页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

基　　金：人因工程重点实验室开放基金(SYFD14005181K)~~

摘　　要：空间站大气环控系统(ECS)由多个相互耦合的子系统组成,主要控制舱室气体成分和环境参数,对保障航天员生命安全具有重要意义。该系统正常运行严重依赖于供电系统的工作稳定性,因此长期在轨运行要求ECS应具有适应供电不足的应急运行能力。针对可能面临的供电不足情况,开展了大气ECS应急运行策略优化研究。为了研究出多约束多目标优化问题,首先建立了大气ECS物质、能量和功耗模型,并提出了非再生物资使用时长评估函数。其次以非再生物资使用时长最大和电能需求最小为目标函数,以子系统可调的运行参数为优化参数,在舱室五大环境参数的约束下,采用快速非支配排序遗传算法-Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ)获得了ECS Pareto最优解集,进而获得了Pareto最优前沿(POF)。由于多目标函数具有相同重要性,最终可从POF上获得了大气ECS应急运行策略。优化研究结果表明:该方法能够确定不足电能情况下各子系统的应急电能最优分配方案,从而确定出应急时的子系统最优重构运行方案,以保证最大系统使用时长和最小电能需求的要求。Environment control system （ECS） in a space station is an essential system for the astronaut life safety.Composed of a number of coupling subsystems,the ECS functions as the controller of the cabin air condition and the environmental parameters,which are essential parts to the astronauts＆#39; life safety.As its subsystems are power-consuming,the system＆#39;s regular operation highly relies on the stability of the power supply system and the ECS should have the ability to reconfigure operation strategy in some emergency conditions.In this paper,the emergency strategy optimization method of ECS is studied under potential insufficient power supply condition.To study this issue,we establish basic ECS mathematical models involving its substances,energy as well as consumption,and the non-regenerative substance lifetime conception,which represents the remaining amount of non-regenerative life support substance.A multi-objective optimization method is developed to search the ECS emergency strategy.The maximum non-regenerative substance lifetime and the minimum power consumption are chosen as the optimization objective functions.Some adjustable key variables are chosen as the optimal variables,which represent the way to reconfigure the operation strategy.With the constraints of 5 main environmental paratneters,the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ （NSGA-Ⅱ） is adopted to obtain the Pareto optimal solution set and the Pareto optimal frontier （POF）.The results of optimization research show that the presented optimal method can obtain the optimal emergency electric energy allocation strategy for subsystems under different insufficient power supply conditions,and the optimal reconfigured operation strategy can meet the maximum system lifetime and minimum system supply energy requirement.

关 键 词：大气环控系统(ECS) 应急运行策略 多目标优化 PARETO最优解集 非支配排序遗传算法-Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ) 

分 类 号：V423.7[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]