急诊室不同家庭类型自杀未遂者的特征  

The Characteristics of Attempted Suicides from Different Family Types in Emergency Ward

作　　者：李海燕[1] 侯璟琳[2] 陈伟[2] 谭善勇[2] 贾晓菊[2] 魏胜男[2] 秦晓霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属脑科医院(广州市惠爱医院),广州510370 [2]中国医科大学附属第一医院心理科,沈阳110001

出　　处：《伤害医学（电子版）》2017年第1期21-24,共4页Injury Medicine(Electronic Edition)

基　　金："为提高中国自杀研究质量和实用性而对多个相关小型课题提供技术支持和赞助"项目(编号:CMB-05813)

摘　　要：目的了解急诊室不同家庭类型自杀未遂者的临床特征,为制定自杀未遂再自杀者的干预措施提供理论依据。对象与方法采用综合量表及家庭亲密度和适应性量表(FACESⅡ-CV)评估186例年龄≥15岁的自杀未遂者的家庭功能。结果亲密度差的大家庭型自杀未遂者的特征:15~29岁;未婚;多因恋爱问题;以威胁报复他人或与现实抗争等为自杀目的;有自杀意念;无绝望感;多选择00:00—8:00及16:00—20:00时段自杀。适应性差的大家庭型自杀未遂者的特征:以家庭纠纷为主要原因;30.77%想死程度为中度(50~80分);64.10%自杀后接受事实不后悔。适应性差的夫妻型自杀未遂者的特征:想死的程度高(>80分);以解脱痛苦为目的;伴绝望感。亲密度差的夫妻型成员多选择20:00—24:00自杀。夫妻型成员亲密度和适应性均差者有以下特点:60.87%有绝望感;46.38%为解脱痛苦;49.28%无冲动性。结论本研究结果揭示了自杀未遂与家庭功能间存在着复杂关系,不同家庭类型的自杀未遂者自杀特征各异。针对不同自杀未遂者的家庭类型给予针对性干预,将有助于预防自杀未遂再自杀的发生。Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of attempted suicides from different family types in the emergency room so as to provide theoretical basis for the intervention of suicide. Method The Family Cohesion and Adaptability Scale-Chinese version（FACESⅡ-CV） was employed to evaluate the family function of 186 attempted suicides aged ≥15 years. Results The attempted suicides from large families with low cohesion were 15~29 years old, unmarried; they felt no hopelessness, but with suicidal ideation and chose 0：00—8：00 and 16：00—20：00 to suicide by threatening others or being against the reality as the results of loving affairs. 30.77% of the attempted suicides from large families with low adaptability showed moderate extents（50~80 scores） of desiring to die; 64.10% of them did not regret for the suicide attempt resulting from family disputes. Attempted suicides from low adaptability couples showed higher extents of desiring to die（80 scores） and felt hopelessness thus attempted to suicide for the purpose of relieving. Attempted suicides from low intimacy couples tended to choose 20：00—24：00 to suicide. 60.87% of those from low intimacy and adaptability couples felt hopelessness, 46.38% of them attempted to relieving pain relationship, 49.28% of them showed no impulsivity. ConclusionsThe results of this study reveal a complex relationship between suicide attempts and family functions, and attempted suicides from different types of families showed different suicidal characteristics. Targeted interventions for the different attempted suicides will help prevent the attempted suicides from repetitive suicide.

关 键 词：自杀未遂 家庭功能 家庭亲密度 适应性 急诊室 

分 类 号：B846[哲学宗教—心理学]