体检人员及患者乙肝、丙肝、HIV病毒和梅毒感染调查  

Investigation on infection of HBV,HCV,HIV and syphilis among physical examination personnel and patients

作　　者：朱林敏[1] 杨静[1] 李曼[1] 陈兴国[1] ZHU Lin-min;YANG Jing;LI Man;CHEN Xing-guo(TEDA hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300457, Chin)

机构地区：[1]天津市泰达医院,300457

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2017年第5期661-663,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：目的了解医院体检人员、门诊和住院患者中乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)和梅毒螺旋体(TP)感染及分布情况,为临床安全提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2013年1月-2015年12月医院体检人员及门诊和住院患者HBV、HCV、HIV和TP感染状况。结果三年就诊病人总的感染阳性率在10%以上,其中在门诊就诊的病人四种感染性疾病的阳性率明显高于体检人员和住院患者。门诊就诊的病人HBV、HCV、HIV和TP的阳性率分别为13.01%、2.38%、0.37%和7.99%,住院患者这几种疾病的阳性率分别为4.84%、1.02%、0.11%和1.97%,体检病人的阳性率分别为2.85%、0.16%、0.00%和0.64%。结论医院门诊就诊的病人传染性疾病阳性率明显高于住院病人和体检人员,门诊护士更应加强安全知识和技能的训练,加强自我防护意识,防止发生血液传播引起的职业感染。Objective To investigate the distribution and positive rate of blood transmitted diseases among physical examination personnel and the patients in outpatient department,hospitalized department in a hospital and provide basis for clinical safety. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the information of patients with HBV,HCV,HIV or TP infections in the hospital from January 2013 to December 2015. Results Over 10% of the patients in the hospital were positive for those blood transmitted diseases. Outpatients had the highest positive rate compared to the other two groups. The positive rates of HBV,HCV,HIV and TP among the outpatients were 13. 01%,2. 38%,0. 37% and 7. 99% respectively. The positive rates of the inpatients were 4. 84%,1. 02%,0. 11% and 1. 97% respectively and the positive rates of physical examination personnel were 2. 85%,0. 16%,0. 00% and 0. 64% respectively. Conclusion The positive rate of blood transmitted diseases among the outpatients are significantly higher than those of the inpatients and physical examination personnel. So nurses in the outpatient department should strengthen the training of the safety knowledge and skill,strengthen the consciousness of self protection,and prevent themselves from blood transmitted diseases caused occupational infection.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎病毒 丙型肝炎病毒 人类免疫缺陷病毒 梅毒 发病率 职业暴露 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学] R512.63[医药卫生—临床医学]