星载原子干涉重力梯度仪测量方法与噪声分析  

Measurement method and noise analysis of spaceborne atom-interferometry-based gravity gradiometer

作　　者：祝竺[1] 张国万[2,3] 赵艳彬 廖鹤[1] 魏小刚[2,3] ZHU Zhu ZHANG Guo-Wan ZHAO Yan-Bin LIAO He WEI Xiao-Gang(Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering, Shanghai 201109, China Beijing Institute of Aerospace Control Devices, Beijing 100854, China Quantum Engineering Research Center, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Beijing 100854, China)

机构地区：[1]上海卫星工程研究所,上海201109 [2]北京航天控制仪器研究所,北京100854 [3]中国航天科技集团量子工程研究中心,北京100854

出　　处：《中国惯性技术学报》2017年第4期449-454,共6页Journal of Chinese Inertial Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41504034)

摘　　要：原子干涉重力梯度仪在星载环境下可获得较长的干涉时间,有效规避了原子触碰容器壁的风险,因此可实现高精度的测量,同时利于星载仪器的小型化。目前原子干涉重力梯度仪地面测量技术成熟,尚未得到空间应用。根据星载失重的特殊条件,提出一种适用于空间微重力环境的原子干涉重力梯度测量方法,并对其测量精度进行了分析。结果表明,在卫星重力测量关注的0.1 Hz以下的测量频带内,星载原子干涉重力梯度仪的潜在测量精度可达到1 mE/Hz^(1/2)。该测量方法为未来原子干涉重力梯度仪的星载应用提供重要的技术基础。The atom interferometry gradiometer can obtain greatly improved sensitivity and miniaturization in spaceborne environment where the atomic weightlessness effectively reduce the risk of running up against the instrument wall and significantly increase the interference time. At present, although the development of the on-ground experiment of the atom interferometry gradiometer has been matured, its space application has not been realized yet. In this paper, a measurement method suitable for space micro-gravity environment is proposed and discussed for the atom interferometry gravity gradiometer. The analysis results show that the precision of space-borne atom interferometry gravity gradiometer can achieve 1mE/Hz1/2 in the 〈0.1Hz bandwidth which is concerned by satellite gravity gradiometry. The proposed measurement method can provide technical basis for the space application of the atom interferometry gravity gradiometer in the future.

关 键 词：原子干涉 重力梯度仪 星载 噪声 

分 类 号：P223.6[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]