论日本尊皇传统  

Does Japan Have a Tradition of Respecting the Emperor?

作　　者：于姗姗[1] 胡稹[1] Yu Shanshan Hu Zhen(Lecturer at Fuzhou College of Foreign Studies and Trade, China Fuzhou College of Foreign Studies and Trade, China)

机构地区：[1]福州外语外贸学院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2017年第5期82-97,共16页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金项目"日本精神的实像和虚像--大和魂的建构和变异"(批准号12YJA752012);福建省社科基金项目"基于中日文化交流视域的日本文化实质研究"(批准号2011b264)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：笔者在研读有关资料和通史式考察后提出三点认识:一、天皇自奈良时代前后亲政,但荣耀的时间短而受辱的时间长,直至江户时代末期,仍是"天朝……不与天下之事,亿兆民众仅以神明视之。"二、日本真正提出尊皇,肇起于江户时代中期,除受神道学者和儒者"大义名分""尊王贱霸"学说和"国学家"言论影响外,还与幕末的民族危机有关。明治维新后,藩阀政府通过制度安排形成"绝对天皇制",普遍尊皇的局面方得以实现。三、本文的讨论将有助于证明日本有"尊皇传统"的说法并不全面和客观。正确的说法是,日本和其他国家一样,过去既有不尊皇的传统,也有尊皇的传统。若不分时代,强说日本有"尊皇传统"将产生叙事冲突和矛盾,并让我们继续处于历史的尴尬之中。The Japanese people say that their country has a ＂tradition of respecting the Emperor.＂ By investigating the history of Japan, this paper tries to reveal the truth that the Emperor of Japan has taken over the reins of government approximately since the Nara Period, but the period of glory was short and the period of humiliation long, until the end of Edo Period, when it was still in the situation of an Imperial Court that did not participate in government affairs but was regarded as a god by the common people. Japan initiated the concept of ＂Respecting the Emperor＂ from the middle of the Edo Period, which is not only under the influence of the theories of Shinto and Confucian scholars, such as ＂to have just cause＂ and ＂to honor the king and to weaken the feudal lord＂ and the views and opinions of Kokugaku scholars, but also in relation to the national crisis at the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate. After the Meiji Restoration, the feudal government facilitated the ＂absolute regime of the Emperor System＂ through institutional arrangement, and the general situation of respecting the Emperor was realized. Therefore, it is not comprehensive to say that Japan has ＂a tradition of respecting the Emperor＂ and it seems that the correct opinion is that Ja- pan not only has ＂a tradition of not respecting the Emperor＂, but also ＂a tradition of respecting the Emperor＂. In that case, what the ＂tradition＂ means will generate a very acerbic conflict of narration.

关 键 词：日本 尊皇 传统 真相 

分 类 号：K313[历史地理—历史学]