南麂列岛海域蟹类群落结构及其与环境因子的关系  

The crab community structure and its relationship with environment factors in the Nanji Islands ground shallow sea area waters

作　　者：谢旭 俞存根 蔡厚才 郑基 陈万东 伍尔魏 夏陆军 毕耜瑶 Xie Xu Yu Cungen Cai Houcai Zheng Ji Chen Wandong Wu Erwei Xia Lujun Bi Siyao(Marine Fishery College ,Zhejiang Ocean U,~iversity, Zhoushan 316022 ,China Nanji Islands National Marine Nature Reserve Administration, Pingyang 325401, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山316022 [2]南麂列岛国家海洋自然保护区管理局,浙江平阳325401

出　　处：《海洋学报》2017年第10期65-77,共13页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31270527);南麂列岛国家海洋自然保护区管理局委托项目(NJKJ-2013-003)

摘　　要：根据2013年11月、2014年2月、5月、9月在南麂列岛国家海洋自然保护区海域进行生物资源调查所获得的资料,分析了南麂列岛海域蟹类种类组成、优势种、生物多样性等群落结构特征,并定量分析了群落结构与水文环境因子之间的关系。结果表明,周年4个季度月调查共鉴定出蟹类21种,隶属7科、12属,其中优势种为三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)、日本蟳(Charybdis bimaculata)和双斑蟳(Charybdis bimaculata)3种。不同季节的蟹类种类组成差异较大,而优势种类组成变化较少,其中,以秋季的蟹类种类数最多,冬季最少。从不同水深区域的渔获种类分布趋势来看,蟹类种类以20~30m水深带较多,30~40m水深带较少。夏季多样性指数低于其他季节,以水深来看,多样性指数在10~20m水深带较高,30~40m水深带较低,蟹类多样性指数与水深呈反比。根据冗余分析认为,水深、水温和盐度是影响调查海域蟹类种类组成和群落结构特征的主要环境因子。Based on the data obtained via the marine biological resources surveys of the Nanji Islands ground shallow sea area waters in November,2013 and in February,May and September,2014,characteristics of crabs community including species composition,dominant species and biodiversity,were analyzed,and the related environmental factors were also examined.A total of 21 species,belonging to 12 genera in 7families,were identified.The dominant species are Portunus trituberculatus,Charybdis bimaculataand Charybdis bimaculata.The species composition rather than dominant species showed clear seasonal changes.The maximum and minimum number of crab species were found in autumn and winter,respectively.The distribution of caught fisheries resources along water depths was documented that the morespecies were found at depths of 20-30 mand less species were found at depth of 30-40 m.The Shannon-Weaver diversity index of community in summer were lower than other seasons,and along water depths decreased from 10-20 m to 30-40 m,which means the Shannon-Weaver diversity index of crab community was in inverse proportion of the depth.Further redundancy analysis showed that water depth,temperature and salinity were the main environmental factors influencing crab species composition and community structure in this coastal conservation area.

关 键 词：蟹类 多样性 群落结构 环境因子 南麂列岛海域 

分 类 号：S932.51[农业科学—渔业资源]