水质自动监测与常规监测结果对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of State Surface Water Quality by Automatic Monitoring and Laboratory Monitoring

作　　者：刘京[1] 魏文龙[2] 李晓明[1] 李东一[1] 孙宗光[1] 奚采亭 陶蕾[2] 王业耀[1] 张大伟[2] LIU Jing WEI Wenlong LI Xiaoming LI Dongyi SUN Zongguang XI Caiting TAO Lei WANG Yeyao ZHANG Dawei(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境监测总站国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室,北京100012 [2]北京市环境保护监测中心,北京100048

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2017年第5期159-166,共8页Environmental Monitoring in China

摘　　要：为了系统研究水质自动监测数据与常规监测数据间差异问题,选取15个运行多年的国家地表水水质自动监测站,对p H、溶解氧(DO)、高锰酸盐指数(COD_(Mn))、氨氮(NH_3-N)及总磷(TP)5项监测指标开展了站房外常规监测、站房内常规监测与自动监测的对比实验研究。通过分析监测结果之间相对误差、相对偏差、水质类别变化发现,站房内常规监测、站房外常规监测与自动监测结果之间误差较小;同时通过误差统计分析及直方图分析发现,地表水水质自动监测系统监测结果与站房外常规监测结果之间误差整体属于随机误差(偶然误差)。研究得到了水质自动监测与常规监测数据一致可比的结论,为水质自动监测数据的应用提供了实验基础。Data（ pH, DO, COD（Mn）,NH3-N and TP） of surface water quality from 1 5 state surface water quality automatic monitoring stations were used to systematically analyze the difference between laboratory monitoring of water samples outside the station,laboratory monitoring of water samples inside the station,and automatic online monitoring.It was found that the errors among them were small based on the analysis of relative error,relative deviation,and change of water quality grade. Through statistical analysis of errors and histogram,it was also found that the errors between laboratory monitoring data of water samples outside the station and the automatic online monitoring data were random errors（ accidental errors）, and they were consistent and comparable. Therefore, the basis for automatic online monitoring data to be applied widely was built.

关 键 词：自动监测 常规监测 比对实验 随机误差 系统误差 

分 类 号：X830.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]