宁夏规模化奶牛场荷斯坦牛体型线性评定浅析  

Analysis Conformation Linear Appraisal of Holstein Cows in Large Scale Dairy Farms of Ningxia

作　　者：脱征军 李委奇 田佳 邵怀峰 田金柱 TUO Zheng-jun LIWei-qi TIAN Jia SHAO Hual-feng TIAN Jin-zhu(Ningxia Animal Husbandry Station, Yinchuan 750002 Yinchuan Animal Health Supervision Institute, Yinchuan 750001)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区畜牧工作站,银川750002 [2]银川市动物卫生监督所,银川750001

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2017年第10期20-24,共5页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区农业育种专项(2013NYYZ05)

摘　　要：本研究选择了宁夏5个千头以上规模养殖场,依据《中国荷斯坦牛体型鉴定规程》(修订),以9分制对1260头荷斯坦牛进行了体型线性鉴定;采用SPSS11.0软件统计分析了鉴定牛只的五大部位20个描述性状和总体得分性状的表型参数,旨在为宁夏荷斯坦牛体型性状的遗传改良提供基础数据。结果表明:尻角度、尻宽、蹄踵深度、后肢后视、悬韧带、后房高度和后房宽度等性状与理想最佳线性评分差距较大。建议以此鉴定结果为依据,在今后的奶牛遗传选育工作中,对尻部、泌乳系统等部位的性状进行重点改良,选择适合的优秀验证种公牛,制定合理可行的选种选配方案,加快宁夏规模奶牛场高产奶牛遗传改良进展。According to ＂Chinese Holstein cattle conformation appraisal regulations＂ （Revised）,this study chose 5 large scale of dairy farms of Ningxia and identified 1260 Holstein cows by the 9-score-method. And it analyzed the identified cows phenotypic parameters of the 5 major parts and 20 description traits and the total score of the identified by using SPSSI 1.0 software, to provide the basic data for the genetic improvement of conformation traits in Ningxia Holstein cows. The results showed that the difference between the rump angle, the rump width, the heel depth, the backsight of rear legs, the median suspensory ligament, the rear udder height and the rear udder width were different from the ideal optimal linear score. It is suggested that the results of this identification should be used to improve the traits of the rump and mammary system in the future breeding of dairy cows, and the appropriate proven bulls should be selected to formulate a reasonable and feasible option, advances in genetic improvement of high-yielding dairy cows in Ningxia scale dairy farms.

关 键 词：荷斯坦牛 体型性状 改良 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]