重症患者胃肠动力紊乱:发病机制、临床评估及治疗  

Gastrointestinal motility dysfunction in critically ill patients:Pathogenesis,clinical assessment,and treatment

作　　者：傅小云[1] Xiao-Yun Fu(Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, Chin)

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院附属医院重症医学科,贵州省遵义市563000

出　　处：《世界华人消化杂志》2017年第29期2583-2590,共8页World Chinese Journal of Digestology

摘　　要：胃肠道动力紊乱是重症监护病房(intensive care unit,ICU)患者常见的临床并发症,可导致肠内营养不能实施、呕吐、腹泻、腹腔压力增高、呼吸机相关性肺炎、肠道菌群移位等不良反应.胃肠道动力紊乱的临床特点主要包括:胃排空障碍、小肠消化间期肠动力紊乱和消化期动力紊乱.引起ICU患者胃肠动力紊乱的原因较为复杂以及临床实施胃肠道动力评估颇有困难,这些因素导致了胃肠动力学监测技术并未在临床广泛推广.及时发现和纠正ICU患者胃肠道动力紊乱可以改善患者预后.本文将对ICU患者胃肠动力紊乱的病因、临床评估和治疗进行综述.Gastrointestinal motility dysfunction is a common clinical complication in ICU patients, which can lead to difficulty in enteral nutrition, vomiting,diarrhea, increased intra-abdominal pressure, ventilator associated pneumonia, intestinal flora displacement, and other adverse reactions. The clinical features of gastrointestinal dysfunction mainly include gastric emptying disturbance, intestinal dysfunction, and gastrointestinal motility disorders. The causes of gastrointestinal motility dysfunction in ICU patients are complex and the clinical evaluation of gastrointestinal dysfunction is difficult. These factors have led to the fact that gastrointestinal motility monitoring techniques have not been widely used in clinical practice. Timely detection and correction of gastrointestinal motility dysfunction in ICU patients can improve outcomes. This article reviews the etiology, clinical evaluation, and treatment of gastrointestinal motility dysfunction in ICU patients.

关 键 词：胃肠道动力紊乱 重症监护病房 评估 治疗 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]