河南省2014年中小学生视力不良现状及影响因素分析  

Prevalence of the poor vision among primary and secondary school students in Henan Province and analysis of the related factors

作　　者：许凤鸣[1] 娄晓民[1] 吴翠平[2] 张彦勤[1] 王晓琳[1] 郭蔚蔚[3] 高根立 XU Feng-ming;LOU Xiao-min;WU Cui-ping;ZHANG Yan-qin;WANG Xiao-lin;GUO Wei- wei;GAO Gen-li(Department of Child, Adolescent and Women Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou Univer- sity, Zhengzhou 450001, China;Department of Prevention and Health, the Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zheng- zhou 450001, China;Institute of Sports Health and Art, the Education Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学公共卫生学院儿童少年与妇幼保健学系,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学医院保健科,河南郑州450001 [3]河南省教育厅体卫艺处,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2017年第9期879-883,887,共6页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：目的分析2014年河南省中小学生视力不良状况及影响因素,为有效防控学生视力不良提供科学依据。方法利用2014年河南省34 886名9~18岁中小学生参加全国体质健康调研的数据,对其视力状况与生活方式的问卷进行分析。结果河南省9~18岁学生视力不良检出率为62.5%,高中>初中>小学,女生>男生,城市>乡村,差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05);多因素Logistics回归分析显示,每周吃早餐≤2次(OR=0.850,95%CI:0.776~0.931)、每周吃鸡蛋3~5次(OR=0.883,95%CI:0.813~0.960)、偶尔或从不喝牛奶(OR=0.864,95%CI:0.812~0.920)、每天体育锻炼时间≥2 h(OR=0.830,95%CI:0.722~0.955)、每天看电视的时间≥2 h(OR=0.738,95%CI:0.681~0.799)为视力不良的保护因素,每天睡眠<7 h(OR=1.100,95%CI:1.009~1.199)、每周体育课≤1次(OR=1.091,95%CI:1.017~1.172)、不愿意参加长跑(OR=1.100,95%CI:1.024~1.183)、每天做家庭作业时间≥2 h(OR=1.375,95%CI:1.287~1.469)、每天玩电子产品的时间≥2 h(OR=1.155,95%CI:1.072~1.244)为视力不良的危险因素。结论河南省学生视力不良状况依然严峻,视力不良与多因素综合作用有关,应采取针对性的干预措施,有效预防学生视力不良。Objective To analyze epidemic status and influencing factors for the poor vision of the students in Henan in 2014 and to provide the scientific basis of more targeted myopia prevention strategies.Methods The data of 34 886 students aged 9 to 18 who were involved in the students＇physical fitness survey in Henan province in 2014 was used to analyze epidemic status and influencing factors for the poor vision.Results The prevalence rate of myopia among Henan students was 62.5%.In addition,high school was higher than middle school which was higher than primary school.Girl was higher than boy,and urban was higher than rural.Through the unconditional logistic regression,having breakfast three to five times a week,eating eggs three to five times a week,drinking milk unusually,doing exercise over two hours a day,and watching TV over two hours a day were the protective factors for poor vision,of which the OR were 0.850,0.883,0.864,0.830,0.738 respectively.Correspondingly,the 95% CI were 0.776-0.931,0.813-0.960,0.812-0.920,0.722-0.955,0.681-0.799.While sleeping less than seven hours,PE class one time a week or less,refusing to run longdistance,doing homework over two hours,and playing the e-productions over two hours were the risk factors of which OR were 1.100,1.091,1.100,1.375,1.155 respectively.Correspondingly,the 95% CI were 1.009-1.199,1.017-1.172,1.024-1.183,1.287-1.469,1.072-1.244.Conclusions The rate of the myopia among the students in Henan is still severe.There are multifarious factors related to poor vision.Therefore,much more targeted measures should be taken to prevent poor vision from developing.

关 键 词：视力 低 学生 LOGISTIC模型 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学]