中国野生构树自然类型及其利用现状  

Natural Type of Wild Broussonetia papyrifera and Its Utilization in China

作　　者：倪建伟[1] 闻志刚 贺磊[1] 苏上 王伟[1] 耿涌杭 许新桥[1] Ni Jianwei Wang Wei Wen Zhigang He Lei Su Shang Geng Yonghang Xu Xinqiao(Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Administration Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《世界林业研究》2017年第5期69-74,共6页World Forestry Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31600552);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2017SY009)

摘　　要：构树(Broussonetia papyrifera)是我国重要的多用途树种之一。构树为雌雄异株,受异花传粉和生长环境的影响,后代变异类型丰富。在长期进化和自然选择过程中,适生变异不断被遗传和分离,致使野生构树表型类别丰富。为了更充分地发掘构树资源,实现开发利用的最优化,通过对我国构树资源野外调查,文中对其干形、冠型、树皮、叶形等表型变异性状进行了对比和归纳,结合构树资源利用现状和发展方向,探讨了具有开发潜力的野生构树优良种质资源类型特点,以期为我国野生构树资源保护、种质评价、良种选育及资源开发等研究提供参考,对加快定向良种创制和实现林木产业增产提效具有重要意义。Broussonetia papyrifera is one of the significant multipurpose tree species in China.It is a dioecious plant and its descendant variations are abundant due to the influence of cross pollination and growth environment.In the long process of evolution and natural selection,suitable variations have been inherited and separated,making wild B.papyrifera a rich phenotypic category.In order to fully tap the B.papyrifera resources and achieve the optimization of its development and utilization,the paper compared and summarized its stem shape,crown,bark,leaf and other phenotypic variation traits based on the field investigation on B.papyrifera resources in South and North China,and discussed the type traits of the improved germplasm resources of wild B.papyrifera with development potentials in combination with the resource utilization and development direction.This study was aimed to provide a valuable reference for the resources protection,germplasm evaluation,improved variety breeding and resource development of wild B.papyrifera,and is of great significance to accelerate the directional improved varieties development and to increase the production and efficiency of forest industry.

关 键 词：构树 自然类型 变异 资源利用 中国 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]