基于风速衰减因子法的大型风电场尾流效应模拟方法研究  

A Study of Wake Simulation Method of Large-Scale Wind Farms Based on Wind Attenuation Factor

作　　者：姜文玲[1] 王勃[1] 汪宁渤[2] 赵艳青[1] 朱洪滨 

机构地区：[1]新能源与储能运行控制国家重点实验室(中国电力科学研究院),北京市海淀区100192 [2]甘肃省新能源并网运行控制重点实验室(甘肃省电力公司风电技术中心),甘肃省兰州市730050 [3]国家电投集团北京电能碳资产管理有限公司,北京市海淀区100080

出　　处：《电网技术》2017年第11期3499-3505,共7页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目(全球可再生能源综合评估与深化研究);北京市科委计划项目(Z161100002616039)~~

摘　　要：在大型风电场尾流计算中,多台风机的尾流叠加方法一直是个难点。传统的尾流叠加方法均基于实际风速值,导致模型复杂、计算必须依据气流流经风机的顺序,且由于风机尾流之间的覆盖关系较为复杂,容易出现漏算、重复计算的问题。提出风速衰减因子(尾流风速与来流风速之比,Rv)及基于风速衰减因子的风电场尾流计算方法,称为风速衰减因子法(Rv法)。该方法物理意义明确、简单易行,可按照任意风机顺序进行计算,避免漏算、重复计算问题。此外,基于实例风电场,采用法模拟了尾流影响下全部风机的功率情况,对比显示模拟结果与实测数据较为一致(相关性系数0.86);采用Rv法模拟了风电场三维尾流分布,并与实测风廓线进行了对比,对比结果显示在大气稳定条件下,模拟结果与实测数据较为一致。In wake calculation of large-scale wind farms,wake calculation of multiple turbines is always a difficulty.All traditional methods are based on real wind speed,leading to complexity of models,and the calculation must follow the sequence of air flow passing through turbines.Moreover,because coverage relation of wakes of different turbines is very complicated,problems of omission or duplication in calculation are prone to appear.Concept of wind attenuation factor,i.e.the ratio of wake speed to free wind speed,RV,and a method based on this factor to calculate wake of wind farms are proposed.The method,called wind attenuation method（RVmethod）,is clear in physical meaning,and easy to operate.With this method,calculation can be performed following any order of wind turbines,avoiding the problems of omission or duplication in calculation.Moreover,based on a real wind farm,using RV method,wake simulation of the wind farm and output calculation of all turbines in the wind farm are carried out.Result shows that the calculated turbine outputs are consistent with the measured ones with correlation coefficient 0.86.Using RV method,simulation is performed for spatial wake of the wind farm,and compared with measured wind profiles.The result shows that under stable atmospheric condition,the calculated wind speeds are consistent with the measured ones.

关 键 词：风速衰减因子 风速比 风电场尾流 尾流模型 风廓线 机舱风速计 多台风电机组 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]