不同海拔下花叶海棠叶片转录组核苷酸变异分析和比较  

Analysis and Comparison of Nucleotide Variation in the Leaf of Malus transitoria from Different Altitudes

作　　者：张得芳[1,2] 夏涛 文怀秀[4] 王占林[1] 刘霞 张磊 白灵娜 

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,西宁810016 [2]青海大学三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,西宁810016 [3]青海康普生物科技股份有限公司,西宁810003 [4]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,中国科学院藏药研究重点实验室,西宁810008 [5]青海省干旱浅山造林试验站,西宁810099 [6]青海省玛可河林业局,班玛814300

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2017年第10期4351-4356,共6页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：农业科技成果转化与示范项目《青海高原藏茶资源开发技术示范》(2015-NK-507)资助

摘　　要：利用Illumina Hiseq 4000平台,对花叶海棠不同海拔下的样品进行了转录组测序,对其SNPs的数目和分布特征进行了分析和比较。测序后共得到316 759 896条序列,共有47 513 984 400的碱基量。序列组装后得到109 578个平均读长为594.83的unigenes,共有65 180 558个碱基,同时有134 443个平均读长为710.62的transcrips,共涉及95 537 959个碱基。将原始的测序数据对比到组装好的参考序列上后检测SNP位点。两个海拔样品中SNP的位点数目在低海拔地区(MH,33312)中高于高海拔地区(MKH,32886)样品。所有样品的转换类型SNP中,均是A/G类型的数量高于C/T类型的数量。颠换类型中,数量最多的是A/T,其次是C/G、T/G和A/C。SNP变异的Ts/Tv值均是MH样品值均大于MKH样品值。发生在第三个密码子的位置的变异位点在六个样品中均占最大比例,3'UTR产生变异的位点在MH和MKH基本一致,5'UTR的变异位点均低于3'UTR的变异位点数量。高海拔地区的强辐射,尤其是UV-B能被DNA和蛋白分子吸收,引起DNA的损伤和突变。MKH中SNP突变发生在第一和第二位密码子上的平均数目均高于MH,其原因可能是由于其所处的高海拔环境因素导致。The samples were sequenced at different altitudes of the flower leaf by using Hiseq Illumina 4 000 platform. The number and distribution characteristics of SNPs（Single-nucleotide polymorphisms） were analyzed and compared. A total of 316 759 896 sequences were obtained, and 47 513 984 400 base were generated. After assembly, there was 109 578 unigenes with average read of 594.83, meanwhile 134 443 transcrips were obtained with average read of 710.62. They covered 65 180 558 and 95 537 959 bases, respectively. When original data was compared with assembled sequence, SNP sites were examined. The number of SNPs in samples of MH was higher than in MKH. The number of A/G type was higher than C/T type for all transform types SNP. However, the number of A/T type was the highest in transversion types, following by C/G, T/G and A/C. The ratios of Ts/Tv were higher in MH than those in MKH. The variation sites in the third codon were accounted for the largest proportion, the numbers of variation site in 3＇UTR were almost the same, and they were higher than variation in5＇UTR. Intensive radiation in high altitude areas, especially the UV-B radiation could be absorbed by DNA and protein molecules, causing DNA damage and mutation. The variation sites in the first and second codon were higher in MKH than in MH probably related to high elevation of MKH.

关 键 词：花叶海棠 SNP 海拔 转录组测序 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学] S685.99[农业科学—观赏园艺]