三种免疫策略下水痘流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of varicella under three immunization strategies

作　　者：黄振水[1] 苗壮 秦爱玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]淄博市疾病预防控制中心,山东淄博255000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第21期3847-3849,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析淄博市高新区三种水痘疫苗免疫策略的流行病学特征变化。方法选取2007-2016年传染病报告信息管理系统报告的现住淄博市高新区水痘病例,采用描述流行病学方法对不同水痘免疫策略的水痘流行病学特征及发病率、构成比进行分析。结果自费期、免1期、免2期年均发病率分别为31.29/10万、35.27/10万、20.44/10万,免2期较免1期、自费期冬春季发病高峰均有削弱,<15岁小年龄组人群水痘病例构成比逐渐下降,15岁人群发病构成比呈上升趋势,地区发病率逐渐下降。免2期与免1期相比,4岁~年龄别发病率、构成比较1岁~下降更明显。结论高水平水痘疫苗接种率可降低适龄儿童水痘发病率,2剂次水痘免疫策略效果更好。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics under three immune strategies of varicella vaccine in high-tech zone of Zibo city. Methods The varicella cases were selected in high-tech zone of zibo city from a report information management system of infectious diseases in 2007-2016,and descriptive epidemiological methods were adopted to analyze epidemiological characteristics,incidence and composition of varicella under difference immunization strategies. Results During the self-paid period（ 2007-2009）,free 1-dose period（ 2010-2012） and free 2-dose period（ 2013-2016）,the annual average incidence rates were 31. 29,35. 27,20. 44 per 100000 population respectively. Compared with the self-paid period and free 1-dose period,the free 2-dose period disease peak of winter and spring were weakened. The proportions of cases under 15 years old decreased gradually while proportions of cases≥15 years old increased,and the incidence of disease in the region were gradually decreasing. Compared with the free 1-dose period,in the free 2-dose period age-specific incidence rate and a constituent ratio of 4 ~ decreased more significantly than 1 ~. Conclusion High-level varicella vaccination rate can reduce the incidence of varicella in school-age children,and the effect of 2 doses of varicella immunization strategy is better.

关 键 词：水痘 免疫策略 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]