福州市城乡居民高血压患病率及相关因素研究  

Prevalence of hypertension and dietary factors in urban and rural,Fuzhou

作　　者：徐幽琼[1,2] 张晓阳[1] 刘小华[1] 李红[1] 刘建华[1] 曹祥玉 王代榕 

机构地区：[1]福州市疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350004 [2]福建医科大学公共卫生学院,福建福州350004 [3]仓山区疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350008

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第21期3918-3923,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：福建省福州市科技计划重点项目(2013-S-130-3)

摘　　要：目的调查福州市城乡居民高血压患病率及人口学特征、膳食结构等对血压影响,为社区健康干预提供基础数据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取福州市18个社区36群1 080户2 030名常住居民采用统一调查表入户进行社会人口学、3d×24h膳食调查及医学体检。结果城乡高血压患病率分别为22.8%与24.2%;城市知晓率、控制率、治疗率、有效控制率均明显高于农村(P<0.01);城市血压未知晓组乳类、钾钙及农村未知晓组果乳、蛋白、钾钙等摄入量均明显低于正常组而主食、肉、油盐、脂肪摄入量均明显高于正常组;城市血压知晓组果蔬乳、肉类、钾钙等摄入量均明显高于农村相应组而主食、油盐、脂肪摄入量明显低于农村相应组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。多因素分析,城市组纤维>30g/d、硒≥50μg/d、钙>500mg/d和农村组乳类>300g/d、水产品>50g/d均与高血压病发生成负关联,城乡组年龄≥35岁、家族史、肥胖、肉类>75g/d、主食>400g/d、钠>75mg/d均与高血压病发生成正关联。结论农村高血压患病率高于城市,与膳食等因素相关。Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and its dietary influencing factors in urban and rural areas in Fuzhou,so as to provide baseline data to carry out health education and health promotion. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling was applied to draw 2030 residents in 1080 families of 36 clusters in 12 communities of Fuzhou city. Data of social demography and 3 d ＊ 24 h dietary were collected with standard questionnaires. Results The prevalence rates of hypertension in urban and rural areas were 22. 8% and 24. 2%,respectively. The awareness,control rate,treatment rate,effective control rate in the urban point were higher than those in rural point. The intake of milk,potassium and calcium in the urban hypertensive unknown group,and the intake of fruit,milk,protein,potassium and calcium in the rural hypertensive unknown group were all significantly lower than the normal group. While the staple food,meat,oil,salt and fat intake of the two groups were significantly higher than those of the normal group. In the urban known group,the intake of fruits,vegetables,milk,meat,potassium and calcium were significantly higher but the intake of staple food,oil,salt and fat were lower than those in the corresponding group in the urban hypertensive patients（ P 0. 01,P 0. 05）. Factors including fiber intake 30 g/d,potassium intake≥50μg/d,calcium intake 500 mg/d in urban group and milk intake 300 g/d,fish intake 50 g/d in rural group were protective factors to the blood pressure,while age≥35 years old,male,family history of hypertension,obesity,meat intake 75 g/d in urban group and age≥35 years old,a family history of hypertension,obesity,staple food intake 400 g/d,salt intake≥6. 0 g/d,sodium intake 75 mg/d in rural group were risk factors. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in rural areas is higher than that in urban areas,which was related to dietary factors.

关 键 词：城乡 高血压 患病率 相关因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]