山东省成人高血压患病现状及危险因素分析  

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among adults in Shandong

作　　者：马晨[1] 吴炳义[2] 董惠玲[1] 王在翔[2] 杨瑞贞[1] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院护理学院,山东潍坊261053 [2]潍坊医学院公共卫生与管理学院,山东潍坊261053

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第21期3927-3930,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：山东省人文社会科学课题(15-ZC-SH-02);"健康山东"重大社会风险预测与治理协同创新中心重点项目(XT1403002;XT1405003)

摘　　要：目的了解山东省成人高血压患病现状及危险因素。方法采用多阶段随机抽样,抽取山东省17地市19个监测点≥18岁的居民3 751例,进行问卷调查、体格检查。采用Arc GIS10.0软件对患病情况进行图形处理。对核心指标进行描述性分析、X^2检验、多因素Logistic回归分析。结果山东成人高血压患病率为31.60%,东北、西北、西南部偏高,鲁中偏低;患病率威海最高(41.5%),枣庄最低(15.7%)。不同年龄、婚姻、职业、BMI,有无中心性肥胖、糖尿病、高血脂,是否吸烟、饮酒、锻炼、高盐饮食,高血压患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);性别、文化程度、睡眠、总静态时间、红肉、蔬菜、水果摄入量不同,患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。高龄、单身、脑力劳动、超重(肥胖)、中心性肥胖、糖尿病、高血脂、吸烟、过度饮酒、高盐饮食是患病危险因素;锻炼是高血压患病的保护因素。结论山东成人高血压患病率较高,且存在地区差异。应强化社区综合防治,加强高危人群血压监测及健康管理,以降低发病风险。Objective To understand the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in adults in Shandong province. Methods Using multi-stage random sampling,3 751 cases over 18 years from 19 monitoring points of 17 cities in Shandong province were sampled to conduct the questionnaire survey and collect physical examination data. Arc GIS10. 0 software was used to carry out graphic processing on illness. Descriptive analysis,chi-square test,multi-factor Logistic regression analysis were performed on core indicators. Results The prevalence rate of hypertension was 31. 60% in Shandong province,the northwest,southwest was high. However,the middle was low. Weihai had the highest rate（ 41. 5%）,Zaozhuang had the lowest rate（ 15.7%）. Different age,marriage,occupation,BMI,central obesity,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,smoking,alcohol consumption,exercise,high salt diet,the difference in hypertension prevalence was statistically significant（ P 0. 05）. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of hypertension between gender,the degree of education,sleep time,total static time,red meat,vegetables and fruit intake（ P 0. 05）. Age,single,mental labour,overweight or obesity,central obesity,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,smoking,excessive drinking,high salt diet were risk factors for hypertension. The exercise was a protective factor for hypertension. Conclusion The hypertension prevalence in adults is high in Shandong,and there are differences in geographical distribution. We should strengthen the community comprehensive prevention and control,strengthen the blood pressure monitoring and health management of the high risk population,so as to reduce the risk of disease.

关 键 词：高血压 患病现状 危险因素 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]