我国省域公共图书馆效率、规模收益及“拥挤”现象研究  

A Study on Efficiency,Return to Scale and“Congestion”of Provincial Public Libraries in China

作　　者：傅才武[1] 张伟锋 FU Cai-wu ZHANG Wei-feng(National Institute of Culture Development, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Chin)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学国家文化发展研究院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《中国软科学》2017年第10期72-81,共10页China Soft Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金艺术学重大项目(13ZD04)

摘　　要：公共文化机构的绩效评价问题是世界范围内的一道难题,因与我国现代公共文化服务体系建设目标和政府公共投入规模相关,近年来一直是政府、学界和社会三方共同关注的"风暴中心"。鉴于个案研究和定性分析较多而定量研究的缺失的现状难以提供政策层面上的学术支持,本文以公共图书馆行业为研究对象,通过引入多种DEA模型(CCR、BCC、FG、ST和WY)完成了对其绩效的定量评价。首先借助CCR和BCC模型对我国省域公共图书馆的综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率进行了测算及分析,然后借助FG、ST、WY模型分析了规模收益状况及"拥挤"现象,并科学量化了"拥挤度"。评价结果显示我国公共图书馆整体服务效率有待提高,并且近几年效率持续下降,主要原因是技术管理水平不足和资源配置拥挤。对于公共图书馆效率持续下滑、资源配置呈现拥挤这一现实问题,改革图书馆管理制度的紧迫性要先于增加公共投入的要求。这一结果对公共政策意义是,近30年来一直行之有效的由增加公共投入引导业务发展的传统文化管理模式,正在失去效率,以后指望通过增加公共投入来提高公共机构的整体绩效的政策思路将越来越不适应现实状况,国家政策设计必须确立"公共投入的增幅与管理体制改革进程之间必须保持最低限度一致性"的基本原则。我国公共文化机构进入到一个以制度创新来提升整体服务效率的新时期。The performance evaluation of public cultural institutions is a difficult problem in the world. Because it is related to the construction goal of modern public cultural service system and the scale of government public investment,recently it has been the ＂storm center＂of government,academia and society common concern. This paper takesthe public library industry as the research object and completes the quantitative performance evaluation ofprovincial public libraries in Chinabyintroducinga variety of DEA models（ CCR,BCC,FG,ST and WY）,in view of status quo that there are a lot of case studies and qualitative analysis but lack of quantitative evaluations which is difficult to provide academic support at the policy level. With the aid of CCR and BCC model,measured and analyzed the comprehensive efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of provincial public libraries in China. Then,analyzed the scale returns and ＂congestion＂by FG,ST and WY models,as well as quantified the ＂degree of congestion＂scientifically. The evaluation results show that the overall service efficiency of public libraries in China needs to be improved,and the efficiency continues to decline in recent years,mainly due to the lack of technical management and the crowded resource allocation. For the phenomenonthatthe service efficiency of public libraries continue to decline and the crowded resource allocation,the urgency of increasing public inputs is preceded by reforming the library management system. The result for the public policy is that the traditional cultural management model which guides the development of the business by increasing the public inputs and has been effective in the past three decades is losing its efficiency,and the ideas that rely on increasing public input to improve the overall performance of public institutions will become incompatible with current situation. And the design of national policy must establish the basic principle that ＂the minimum consistency between the increase of public i

关 键 词：DEA 公共图书馆 效率 规模收益 拥挤度 

分 类 号：C289[社会学]