一种小型河流溢油围控装置及其数值模拟  

An Oil Spilling Containment Device for Small Rivers and Its Numerical Simulation

作　　者：刘少柱[1] 刘玮莅[2] 周文闻 孙雷[1] 杨忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油管道公司 [2]中国石油管道科技研究中心 [3]中国石油大学(北京)油气管道输送安全国家工程实验室

出　　处：《油气田地面工程》2017年第10期8-11,共4页Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering

摘　　要：在处理水上溢油事故中,围油栏是一种常用且有效的装置,但是小型河流的深度较浅且流速较大,围油栏不易成形,不能有效控制溢油扩散。为研究小型河流溢油围控装置的拦油性能,设计了一种新型溢油围控装置。该装置根据不可压缩黏性流体的N-S方程和VOF方法,利用CFD软件Fluent对溢油围控性能进行数值模拟。在不同的初始油量和水位下,设定模拟时间为7 min,通过观察两相界面的变化,对溢油围控装置的拦油能力进行了比较分析。结果表明,水面与闸口间的距离和溢油量对拦油效果有显著影响。在实际使用中,应该注意溢油量和水面与闸口间距离的变化,合理地确定闸门开度,防止拦油失效情况发生。Dealing with oil spilling accidents overwater,the oil boom is a common and effective device.However,the small river has lower depth and larger flow rate,which makes the oil boom difficult to take shape and unable to effectively prevent the spilling oil from diffusion.In order to study the boom capability of the oil spilling containment devices for small rivers,a new kind of oil spilling containment device is designed.According to the N-S equation of incompressible viscous fluid and the volume of fluid fraction（VOF） method,numerical simulation of the performance of the oil spill containment is conducted by the device with the CFD software Fluent.With different initial oil amounts and water levels,simulation time is set to 7 minutes.Through observing the change of two-phase interface,the boom capability of the device are compared and analyzed.The results show that the distance between water surface and the water-gate and oil spillage have significant effect on boom performance.In practical applications,attention should be paid to the oil spillage and the change of the distance between water surface and the water-gate,and the gate opening should be controlled reasonably,thus preventing boom failure from happening.

关 键 词：小型河流 围油栏 围控装置 数学模型 拦油能力 VOF方法 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]