68份大豆品种资源在新疆灌区的农艺性状分析  

Agronomic traits analysis of 68 soybean variety resources in Xinjiang irrigation area

作　　者：曾凯 张恒斌[1] 陈李淼[2] 赵靓 罗赓彤[1] 战勇[1] 周新安[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院作物研究所/国家大豆产业技术体系石河子综合试验站/谷物品质与遗传改良兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000 [2]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所/农业部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2017年第5期615-622,共8页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：基金项目:大豆抗旱抗倒伏性状聚合分子辅助育种体系研究(2012BB043);国家大豆产业技术体系石河子综合试验(CARS-04-CES08);大豆新品种选育与高产高效栽培创建示范(2011BA005);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划子任务(2011BAD35B06-3-11);大豆新品种选育与种质资源创新(2016AC027)

摘　　要：为了新疆大豆种质资源的引进以及充分利用,以引进、自育的68份大豆品种资源为材料,在新疆石河子地区对18个农艺性状进行变异系数、相关分析、主成分分析及聚类分析。结果表明:在参试品种中,抗倒伏级数变异系数最大(40.53%),蛋白含量(3.43%)最小;产量与单株粒重、百粒重及脂肪含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与生育期、结荚高度呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);在主成分分析中,总共提取6个主成分,累计贡献率达到82.77%;聚类分析结果显示,在遗传距离为10处,可将参试的68份品种分为7个类群。类群Ⅰ,适应性较广,可在新疆大部分地区种植;类群Ⅲ,结荚量较大,单株粒数较多,蛋白含量较高;类群Ⅳ,具有一定的有效分枝数,单株粒数较多,蛋白含量较高;类群Ⅴ生育期较短,且产量较高,适合作为复播品种;类群Ⅵ,节数多,结荚量大,单株粒数、蛋白含量高,可作为本地区豆制品专用品种或芽用品种;类群Ⅶ,荚数较多,生物产量大,百粒重、脂肪含量较高,由于生物产量较大,可作为麦后绿肥养地品种。A total of 68 soybean accessions, including introduced or self - bred varieties, were used to perform variation, correlation, principal component and cluster analysis based on their agronomic traits in Shihezi region, Xinjiang Province. The results showed that, among 18 agronomic traits, variation coefficient of lodging resistance was the highest （40.53% ） while that of protein content was the least （3.4 3 % ） . Additionally, yield had signifi-cant positive correlations （P 〈0. 01） with grain weight per plant, 100 - seed weight, fat content, had negative cor-relations （P 〈0. 01） with growth period, pod - setting. Principal component analysis showed that cumulative con-tribution rate of the former six principal component was 82.77 % . Cluster analysis indicated that 68 soybean acces-sions were apparently divided into seven groups when genetic distance was ten. Moreover, varieties in group I was widely adaptable and could be planted in most regions of Xinjiang. Varieties in group IH had more bean pods, greater seed number per plant and higher protein content. Varieties in group IV had a certain number of effective bran-ches, greater seed number per plant and higher protein content. Varieties in group V had a short growth period, high yield and was suitable for being used as resowing varieties. Varieties in group VI had more nodes, bean pods, greater seed number per plant and higher protein content and was used as sprout soybean or special soybean of bean products in local region. Varieties in group Y U, having more bean pods and biomass, higher 100 - seed weight and fat content, could be used as green manure due to its greater biomass after wheat was harvested. The results could provide reference for introduction, research and utilization of soybean germplasm resources in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：大豆 农艺性状 相关分析 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]