蓁山地区石竹的开花及生物学特性研究  

Blossom and Biological Characteristics of Dianthus chinensis L. in the Mountain Zhen Area

作　　者：胡巧巧 刘林德[1] 张莉[1] 吕丛 魏建华 

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264039

出　　处：《鲁东大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第4期315-320,共6页Journal of Ludong University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2009CB421303)

摘　　要：为了研究蓁山地区石竹的生物学特性,采用定位观测法对烟台蓁山地区石竹(Dianthus chinensis L.)的开花进程、开花特性、访花昆虫种类及访花行为、频率等进行了观察研究.结果表明:烟台蓁山地区的石竹种群花期为5~6月,单花花期时间为9~11 d;花粉圆球形具散孔,开花之初几天花粉活力保持在较高水平,随后活力下降;石竹雌花柱头在第4 d可授性最强,雄花柱头不具有可授性;石竹蜜腺属雄蕊蜜腺,具泌蜜孔;访花者多以东方菜粉蝶为主,且访花行为受气温变化影响,在相对气温较高的时间段出现访花高峰.In order to study the biological characteristics of Dianthus chinensis L . in the Mountain Zhen area, We did research about its flowering process, flowering characteristics, flower-visiting insect species and their foraging behavior and frequency by using the position observation method. The results show that the population flowering time of Dianthus chinensis L . is from M a y to June;the flowering period of single flower is 9 ？11 days; the shape of pollen is globular and foraminate. The vigour of pollen maintains at a higher level at the beginning of flowering, but drops later. Stigma receptivity of female flower will be the most powerful at the fourth day. Male flower doesn7t have the stigma receptivity; The nectary of Dianthus chinensis L . belongs to stamens necta-ry, and has the nectar hole. Most of the pollinators are Pieris canidia and their foraging behavior is affected by the temperature, the foraging peak appears at the time when temperature is relatively high.

关 键 词：石竹 开花动态 花粉活力 柱头可授性 访花频率 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]