变温饲育对家蚕品种菁松×皓月生产性能的影响  

Effect of Variable Temperature on the Production Performance of Silkworm Jingsong×Haoyue

作　　者：廖鹏飞[1] 陈安利[1] 李琼艳[1] 罗顺高[1] 陈世良[1] 董占鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所,云南蒙自661101

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2016年第9期97-100,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省重点新产品开发计划项目"强健性多丝量家蚕优良新品种选育及产品开发"(2013BB007);云南省现代农业蚕桑产业技术体系建设项目(2015KJTX006);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-222SYZ27)

摘　　要：为探明在云南早春和晚秋昼夜温差大,且平均气温较低的自然温度条件下饲养家蚕的可行性,以现行家蚕品种菁松×皓月正反交为材料,参照自然气象数据设置变温（13~28℃）饲养条件,以家蚕恒温（26~27℃）饲养为对照,研究变温条件下家蚕幼虫的发育情况及健康性、产茧量、茧丝质量等生产性能表现。结果表明：变温处理家蚕幼虫行为随温度变化表现不一,在较低温度时不活泼、食桑缓慢或停止活动,偶尔有个体出现轻微吐液现象;随温度升高,家蚕幼虫逐渐恢复活跃性和取食速度,吐液现象消失,能完成蜕皮、老熟结茧等生命活动。变温处理各个龄期较恒温处理长1~2d,全龄经过时间延长约10d;13~28℃变温处理对家蚕健康性、产茧量、茧丝质量等均有不良影响。To explore the feasibility of rearing silkworm in Yunnan under the large temperature difference between day and night and the natural condition with lower average temperature in early spring and late autumn,the reciprocal cross of current silkworm varieties Jingsong Haoyue were used to study the production performance of development and health of silkworm larvae,cocoon production,and silk quality under the variable temperature condition.The variable temperature feeding conditions was set according to the natural meteorological data（13~28℃）,and the silkworm feeding under constant temperature were used as control.The results showed that larval behavior in variable temperature condition showed different reactions with the temperature changed.In the lower temperature,the silkworm larvae less lively,eating mulberry slowly or stop eating,and the occasional individual slight vomiting liquid occurred.As the temperature increased,the silkworm larvae recovered active and feeding speed gradually,the vomiting liquid phenomenon disappeared,and could complete the life activities such as molting,cocooning,and so on.Variable temperature treatment compared with constant temperature treatment,the larval duration of instar extended 1~2days and duration of all instars extended about 10 days.The variable temperature had harmful effects to larvae health,cocoon production and quality in different extent.

关 键 词：自然温度 变温 家蚕 生产性能 

分 类 号：S883.9[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]