不同生物质炭对酸雨及氧化性沉降下花生生长及累积砷镉的影响  

Effects of different biochar on peanut grown and arsenic and cadmium accumulation under acid and oxidation precipitation

作　　者：董淑玉 秦俊豪[1,2] 王迟 曾露苹 陈桂葵 黎华寿[1,2,3] DONG Shuyu QIN Junhao WANG Chi ZENG Luping CHEN Guikui LI Huashou(Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China, South China Agricultural University, Gnangzhou 510642 Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agricuhure and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农业部华南热带农业环境重点实验室,广州510642 [2]广东省现代生态农业与循环农业工程技术研究中心,广州510642 [3]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2017年第11期4296-4304,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家高新技术研究发展(863)计划项目(No.2013AA102402);广东省科技计划项目(No.2015A020208012;2016A020210036;2015B090903077);广州市科技计划项目(No.201510010260)~~

摘　　要：通过温室盆栽试验,研究了普通生物质炭和铁基生物质炭对酸雨及氧化性沉降下不同生育期花生生长及累积砷、镉(As、Cd)的影响.结果表明,酸雨及50μmol·L-1H2O2沉降处理对处于花期及成熟期中花生的生物量、根瘤数和瘤干重的影响不显著(p>0.05),但却显著增加了花生籽粒中Cd的含量和花生壳中As的含量(p<0.05).其中,铁基生物质炭可显著降低酸雨及氧化性沉降下花生地上部、根部、籽粒、壳中累积As、Cd含量(p<0.05),且作用效果明显强于普通生物质炭.由此可知,酸雨及氧化性沉降增加了花生对土壤重金属As、Cd的富集,而施加铁基生物质炭可有效降低作物的As、Cd累积,为有效防控酸雨及氧化性沉降区域的花生砷、镉重金属污染具有重要现实意义.In this study,a pot experiment was conducted to examine the effects of the iron-based biochar（ Fe BC） and ordinary biochar（ BC） on the growth of and trace element uptake by peanut plants under simulated acid rain（ pH = 4.3） and oxidant（ 50 μmol·L-1 H2 O2） precipitation conditions.The results showed that acid and oxidant precipitation had no significant effects on the peanut biomass,nodule number and dry weight of nodule（ p〈0.05）but significantly increased the level of Cd in the seeds and As in the shell（ p〈0. 05）. By comparison,the concentrations of As and Cd in all parts of peanut were significantly（ p〈0.05） lower in the Fe BC treatment than in the BC treatment. The research findings obtained from this study have implications for developing methods for reducing accumulation of potentially toxic elements in peanut plants.

关 键 词：生物质炭 酸雨沉降 氧化性沉降 花生 砷镉累积 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]