荔枝花芽分化与花性别分化研究进展  

Advances in floral dud differentiation and floral sex determination in litchi

作　　者：魏永赞[1] 董晨[1] 王弋[1] 郑雪文 李伟才[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部热带果树生物学重点实验室/中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,广东湛江524091

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2017年第7期34-40,共7页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金(1630062017003;1630062016006);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-33)

摘　　要：荔枝(Litchi chinensisSonn.)是原产我国的一种亚热带常绿果树,因成花不稳定影响产量的现象几乎在所有荔枝主栽品种均出现过,因此荔枝花芽分化与花性分化的机理研究一直是科研工作者和种植者重点关注的热点问题之一。综述了环境因子、植物激素及树体状况对荔枝花芽分化的影响及近年来花芽分化分子机制方面的一些最新研究结果,同时对荔枝花性别分化的形态学、生理学及分子生物学方面的研究进展进行了总结,并对荔枝花芽分化与花性别分化今后的研究方向和思路提出了一些建议。Litchi（ Litchi chinensis Sonn.）,a subtropical evergreen fruit tree,originates from China. Almost all litchi cultivars lie in the phenomenon of instable yield,which is affected by unreliable flowering. The study of floral differentiation and sex differentiation is always one of the focal points and hot problems of researchers and growers studying in the field of litchi. In this paper,the effects of environmental factors,the state of trees and shoot and plant growth regulators impacting differentiation of flower bud,and recent research of molecular mechanism of lower bud differentiation in litchi were reviewed. And research progresses of floral sex determination from aspects of morphology,physiology and molecular biology in litchi were summarized. Then some opinions on the further research of floral dud differentiation and floral sex determination in litchi were put forward.

关 键 词：荔枝 花芽分化 雌雄花 低温 内源激素 

分 类 号：S667.101[农业科学—果树学]