激光在机测量系统的实现  

Implementation of laser on-machine measuring system

作　　者：刘勇[1] 李昆[1] 王帼媛 

机构地区：[1]北京航空精密机械研究所精密制造技术航空科技重点实验室,北京100076

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2017年第10期2668-2675,共8页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目(No.2013ZX04011031)

摘　　要：为了能在加工航空发动机关键零部件(如叶片)等复杂曲面零件的过程中实现快速在机测量,研制了非接触式激光在机测量系统。分别介绍了测量系统的工作原理,机械结构和电控系统。该系统主要由激光测头、无线传输电路、可充电锂电池、转接基座、刀柄和外壳等部分组成。为了实现机床的加工模式与测量模式之间的快速切换,其采用刀柄式的安装方式,从加工叶片切换到在机测量时,机床只要运行换刀程序,即可实现叶片加工到叶片测量的转换。此外文中还针对在机测量系统的电控部分研制了通过无线传输的数据采集系统。为了验证所研制的在机测量系统的实用性和有效性,在五轴叶片加工中心上进行了叶片截面测量实验,结果显示其测量精度为20μm,测量时间为10min。验证结果表明所研制的激光在机测量系统能够高效精确地完成叶片型面的测量任务。A non-contact laser on-machine measuring system was developed to realize rapid on-machine measurement of complex curving parts such as blades in an aircraft engine.The mechanical structures and electronic controlling systems of the measuring system were introduced in detail.The laser onmachine measuring system is composed of laser sensors,wireless transmission circuits,a rechargeable lithium battery,transit bases,a handle and a shell etc.To rapidly switch the machining mode and measuring mode,the installation structure with a handle was adopted.When machining blade processing was switched into the on-machine measurement,the system could operate a tool change program,and the system might be taken out from the tool magazine to on-machine measuring mode.For the electronic control part of the measuring system,a data acquisition system of wireless transmission was developed.To verify the practicability and effectiveness of the on-machine measuring system,the experiment of scanning and measuring the blade section was executed on a 5-axis blade machining center.The experimental results show that the measuring precision is 20μm and the measuring time is 10 min.As the results,it indicates that laser on-machine measuring system established in the paper realizes the measuring assignment of blade surfaces in a rapid and accurate manner.

关 键 词：在机测量 激光测量 激光测头 航空发动机 叶片 数控机床 

分 类 号：TH247[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]