高粱对不同身份邻居的形态学与生理学响应  

Morphological and physiological responses for neighbor identity in Sorghum vulgare

作　　者：李洁[1,2,3] 庞蕊 徐兴良 梁涛[1] LI Jie PANG Rui XU Xingliang LIANG Tao(Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Nature Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100010, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,北京100010 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,北京100010

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2017年第5期800-805,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31470560)资助~~

摘　　要：亲缘选择理论预测亲缘植物之间可通过亲缘识别来实现相互合作.前期的相关研究也证实了植物的亲缘选择作用.以高粱(Sorghum vulgare)为研究对象,通过测度亲缘和非亲缘植物在表型(株高、根长、叶面积和种子数),各构件生物量(根、茎叶和种子)和生理(根系活力、叶绿素含量、丙二醛、脯胺酸、根系硝酸根含量和硝酸还原酶活性)上的表现差异,来探索高粱植物的亲缘识别.结果显示,与非亲缘组相比,亲缘组植物叶面积增加(P=0.032),但根系活力降低(P=0.044).除此之外,亲缘组和非亲缘组高粱在根长(P=0.811)、株高(P=0.435)、种子数(P=0.541),以及根(P=0.413)、茎叶(P=0.975)和种子(P=0.731)生物量方面都未表现出显著差异.而且,根系硝酸根含量(P=0.944)、硝酸还原酶含量(P=0.817)、叶绿素含量(P=0.941)、MDA含量(P=0.749)和脯胺酸含量(P=0.355)等生理指标在亲缘和非亲缘组也无显著差异.因此,亲缘植物在地上部分通过增加叶面积分配来提高地上空间和光捕获竞争,而在地下部分,亲缘植物通过降低根系活力来降低根系竞争,实现互让水分和养分.这说明高粱植物亲缘竞争和亲缘识别同时发生,亲缘识别不仅具表型响应,还存在生理响应,因此从不同指标层面研究植物的亲缘识别方能得出更为严谨的结论.Kin plants cooperate to increase their fitness through kin recognition. Previous studies confirmed that kin recognition occurs in certain species. In this study, we selected Sorghum vulgare as the subject to analyze kin plant-recognition responses, including phenotypic traits （plant height, root length, leaf area, and seed number） and biomass （root, shoot, and seed biomass）, combined with physiological performance （root activity, chlorophyll, malondialdehyde （MDA）, proline, nitrate？content, and nitrate？reductase？activity）. Compared with strangers, kin plants increased their leaf area （P = 0.032）, but decreased root activity （P = 0.044）. Excluding this, root length （P = 0.811）, plant height （P = 0.435）, and seed number （P = 0.541），as well as root biomass （P = 0.413）, shoot biomass （P = 0.975）, and seed biomass（P = 0.731）showed no significant difference. Moreover, the root NO3- content （P = 0.944）, NR （P = 0.817）, chlorophyll content （P = 0.941）, MDA content （P = 0.749）, and proline content （P = 0.355） did not vary between the kin and stranger groups. Thus, S. vulgare showed kin competition by increasing leaf area distribution to compete for space and light received above-ground, and showed kin recognition by reducing root activity to reduce root competition for accommodating water and nutrients. Our results suggest that kin interaction respond by not only phenotypic traits, but also physiological performance. Therefore, by analyzing different indicators of plant performance to explain kin recognition, we would reach more reasonable conclusions.

关 键 词：亲缘识别 表型特征 生物量 叶面积 根系活力 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]