贵州黔南地区农村已婚育龄妇女乳腺疾病患病现状及危险因素  

Prevalence and influence factors of breast diseases of among rural married childbearing women in Qiannan region of Guizhou province

作　　者：王德秀 魏萍 闵坤 杨远菊 唐晓永 谢丽 袁慧 李季冬 WANG De-xiu WEI Ping MIN Kun et al(Department of General Surgery, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medi- cine of Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture ,Duyun, Guizhou Province 558000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]贵州省黔南布依族苗族自治州中医医院普通外科,都匀558000 [2]贵州省三都县妇幼保健院 [3]贵州省福泉市妇幼保健院 [4]贵州省惠水县妇幼保健院 [5]贵州省瓮安县妇幼保健院 [6]贵州省平塘县妇幼保健院 [7]贵州省长顺县妇幼保健院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2017年第10期1449-1454,共6页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：贵州省黔南州科技基金(黔南科合字2016027);贵州省中医药管理局基金(QYZZ2014037)

摘　　要：目的了解贵州省黔南地区农村已婚育龄妇女乳腺疾病患病现状及其危险因素,为采取相应的干预措施提供依据。方法于2015年3月—2017年2月采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法抽取99 887名黔南地区17~45岁农村已婚育龄妇女进行问卷调查、体格检查、近红外线扫描仪检查、B超检查、钼靶X线检查和活体组织检查,确诊乳腺疾病。结果 99 887名农村已婚育龄妇女中,确诊乳腺疾病33 417例,患病率为33.45%,标化患病率为33.31%。33 417例乳腺疾病中,乳腺增生疾病28 771例(86.09%),乳腺纤维瘤2 317例(6.93%),乳头状瘤1 975例(5.91%),小叶萎缩不全169例(0.51%),乳腺囊肿79例(0.24%),乳腺炎12例(0.04%),癌前病变51例(0.15%),乳腺癌43例(0.13%)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄30~39岁、苗族、焦虑、性格急躁、束胸、饮酒、体质指数(BMI)≥24.0 kg/m2、喜欢鱼肉类食品、睡眠时间<7 h、月经周期>28 d、月经量多、重度痛经、初潮年龄<13岁、结婚年龄>25岁、初产年龄>25岁、怀孕次数≤2次、流产次数≤2次、足月妊娠次数≤2次、生育次数≤2次、哺乳孩子个数≤2个、累积哺乳时间≤36个月、有妇科疾病和依山而居是贵州黔南地区农村已婚育龄妇女乳腺疾病患病的危险因素。结论贵州黔南地区农村已婚育龄妇女乳腺疾病患病率处于较高水平,应引起高度重视。Objective To examine the prevalence and influencing factors of breast diseases of among married child- bearing women in rural Qiannan area of Guizhou province for implementing effective interventions. Methods A total of 99 887 married reproductive women （aged 17 -45 years） were randomly selected in rural Qiannan area with stratified multi-stage cluster sampling and surveyed with questionnaire interview, physical examination, breast ultrasonography, near infrared scanner examination,mammography, and biopsy test for diagnosis of breast diseases from March 2015 to Febru- ary 2017. SAS 9. 1 was used in data analyses. Results Among all the participants,the crude and standardized prevalence rate of breast diseases were 33.45% （33 417/99 887） and 33.31%. Of the 33 417 participants diagnosed with breast diseases,86. 09% （28 771） suffered from hyperplasia of mammary glands,6.93% （2 317） from mammary gland fibroma, 5. 91% （1 975） from papilloma,0. 51% （169） form lobular atrophy,0. 24% （79） from galactoma,0. 04% （12） from mammitis ,0. 15% （ 51 ） from precancerous lesions ,and 0. 13% （43） with breast cancer ,respectively. The results of mul- tivariate unconditioned logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of breast diseases among the participants included at age of 30 to 39 years, being Miao nationality, having anxiety, with inpatient character, having corset, alcohol drinking,with a body mass index of I〉24.0 kg/m2 ,preference of fish and meat food,with a sleeping time of 〈 7 hours per day ,with a menstrual cycle of 〉 28 days ,having menorrhagia,with severe dysmenorrhea,having menarche before the age of 13 years, having a marriage before age of 25 years, with a primiparous age of 〉 25 years, having 2 pregnancies or less, having 2 abortions or less, having 2 full term pregnancies or less, having 2 deliveries or less, giving breastfeeding to 2 children or less, having a cumulative lactation duration of ~〈 36 months, suffering from gynecological disease, and liv

关 键 词：乳腺疾病 危险因素 已婚育龄妇女 农村居民 少数民族地区 

分 类 号：R655.8[医药卫生—外科学]