饮水砷中毒病区水砷形态变化特征  

Changes of arsenic speciation in drinking water from an endemic arsenism area

作　　者：韦炳干[1] 孔畅 虞江萍[1] 杨林生[1,2] 李海蓉 夏雅娟[3] 武克恭 WEI Binggan KONG Chang YU Jiangping YANG Linsheng LI Hairong XIA Yajuan WU Kegong(Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China Inner Mongolia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, 010031, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地表层格局与模拟院重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049 [3]内蒙古疾病预防控制中心,呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《环境化学》2017年第10期2214-2218,共5页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41230749);国家自然科学基金青年基金(41601559)资助~~

摘　　要：水源水经水管传输后,其砷形态的含量及其百分比变化特征研究较少.因此,本文选择内蒙古某饮水型砷中毒病区为研究区,分析饮用的水源水日际和日内总无机砷含量(iAs)、以及水源水传输到用户端的末梢水和储存水的无机砷形态含量(iAs~Ⅲ、iAs~Ⅴ).结果发现,水源水iAs~Ⅲ、iAs~Ⅴ和iAs的平均含量分别为32.19、64.58、96.77μg·L^(-1),末梢水iAs~Ⅲ、iAs~Ⅴ和iAs的平均含量分别为100.11、63.09、163.21μg·L^(-1),而储存水iAs~Ⅲ、iAs~Ⅴ和iAs的平均含量分别为14.72、126.41、141.12μg·L_(-1).水源水的iAs~Ⅴ和iAs含量日内具有明显的变化,iAs含量在日际间无明显的差异,而iAs~Ⅲ和iAs~Ⅴ含量在日际间存在较为明显的变化.此外,水源水、末梢水和储存水的iAs~Ⅲ占总无机砷的比例分别为33.26%、61.33%和10.43%,而iAs~Ⅴ占总无机砷的比例分别为66.74%、38.67%和89.57%.该结果表明,饮水砷形态的转化可能受到水与空气接触时间、气温、气压和水温等因素的影响,且水源水在水管传输过程中可能导致末梢水和储存水的iAs含量增加.因此,饮水砷的暴露评估应关注不同形态的砷暴露以及饮水类型的砷暴露.Little is known about the changes of arsenic speciation in drinking water after transportation through pipes. Therefore,the concentrations of iAs in source water at different times of same day and in different days were measured. The contents of iAsⅢ and iAsⅤ in tap water and storage water were also analyzed. The results showed that the mean contents of iAs,iAsⅢ and iAsⅤ in source water were 32. 19,64. 58 and 96. 77 μg·L（-1）,respectively. The values in tap water were100.11,63.09 and 163.21 μg·L（-1）,while they were 14.72,126.41 and 141.12 μg·L（-1） in storage water. The concentrations of iAsⅤand iAs varied widely within one day,while the iAs contents varied slightly among different days. Moreover,the proportion of iAsⅢ for the iAs in source water,tap water and storage water were 33.26%,61.33% and 10.43%. The values for iAsⅤ were 66.74%,38.67% and 89.57%. These results indicated that the transformation of arsenic speciation might be influenced by the duration of water exposed to air, air temperature, air pressure and water temperature. The contents of i As in tap water and storage water increased significantly after the transportation of source water. The results suggest that the arsenic exposure assessment requires attention to arsenic speciation and drinking water types.

关 键 词：饮用水 砷形态 末梢水 变化 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]