优化栽培模式对冬小麦水氮运移、籽粒产量和水氮利用的影响  

Effects of Optimized Cultivation Pattern on Soil Nitrogen-Water Migration,Grain Yield and Nitrogen-Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat

作　　者：田文仲 张园 张学品 张少澜 段国辉 吴少辉 高海涛 朱云集[2] TIAN Wen-zhong ZHANG Yuan ZHANG Xue-pin ZHANG Shao-lan DUAN Guo-hui WU Shao-hui GAO Hai-tao ZHU Yun-ji(Luoyang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences in Henan Province, Luoyang 471023, China College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳农林科学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2017年第11期44-48,共5页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：基金项目:国家小麦产业体系(CARS-E-2-36);河南省小麦产业体系(S2010-10-02)

摘　　要：在大田试验条件下,在河南省温县高产区监测了冬小麦不同种植模式麦田土壤水分和硝态氮含量变化动态,研究了优化栽培模式对冬小麦产量、水氮利用效率、土壤硝态氮累积量等的影响。结果表明:优化种植模式提高了小麦的产量,且优化栽培高于不施氮处理和习惯种植;在不同的处理中,土壤水分和硝态氮随土壤深度的变化呈相反的趋势,即土壤水分随深度的增加呈增加的趋势,而硝态氮则相反;优化栽培模式提高了土壤水分利用率、氮素生产力、氮肥利用率,且随施氮量增加呈增加趋势。Under the conditions of field test for various cultivation patterns,the dynamic changes in soil moisture and nitrate-nitrogen contents in winter wheat high-yielding fields of Wenxian county were monitored,and the effects of optimized cultivation pattern on the grain yield and nitrogen-water use efficiency of winter wheat,as well as on the accumulation of nitrate-nitrogen in soil were studied. The results showed that： the optimized cultivation pattern increased the yield of wheat as compared with the no nitrogen application treatment and the conventional planting pattern; in all treatments,when the depth of soil layer increased,the soil moisture content increased,while the soil nitrate-nitrogen content decreased; the optimized cultivation pattern enhanced the soil water use efficiency,nitrogen productivity,and nitrogen use efficiency,and these indexes increased with the increase in nitrogen application rate.

关 键 词：冬小麦 氮肥 土壤水分 硝态氮 籽粒产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]