宏组学在哺乳动物消化道微生物研究中的应用  

Application of meta-omics in study of mammalian gastrointestinal microbiome

作　　者：谢骁[1] 孙会增 刘建新[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学动物科学学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《现代牧业》2017年第1期1-8,共8页Modern Animal Husbandry

摘　　要：为了能够了解微生物在宿主体内扮演的角色,有必要探明它们的遗传信息、基因表达、功能变化,及其对微生物种群和宿主带来的影响。近几年高通量测序技术的革命性发展,质谱、核磁共振技术的进步,使人们对复杂微生物系统的深入研究成为了可能,这有助于进一步揭示消化道微生物对宿主生理代谢的影响。本文综述了最新的宏组学技术在哺乳动物消化道微生物研究上的应用,主要包括近些年来16S rRNA测序、宏基因组、宏转录组、宏蛋白组、宏代谢组在人类、模型动物和反刍动物上的研究方法和最新成果,并简单概述了这些技术的优势及其现阶段所存在的不足。Exploring of the genetic information, gene expression patterns, microbiota alteration and other aspects is critical to understand the specific roles that the microbes play in the host gastrointestinal tracts. Great demand for revolutionary technolo-gies that can deliver fast,inexpensive and accurate genome information has catalyzed the developmsequencing , advancer mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance , etc. These ne＊w technologies make it possible to dis-covery the secrets beyond the microbial community and to finally reveal the mechanisms that gastrointestinal microbiome afects on the hosts. This review will introduce the recent advances in mammalian gastrointestinal microbes in human,model animalsand ruminant animals using meta - omics technologies,including 16s rRNA squencing,metagenomics,metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics and metabolomics. Pros and cons of each approach will be briefly presented in this review^.

关 键 词：宏组学 消化道 微生物 

分 类 号：Q935[生物学—微生物学]