不同施氮处理对温室黄瓜生长、土壤硝态氮含量及速效养分的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Treatments on Growth,Nitrate-N Content and Available Nutrient of Greenhouse Cucumber

作　　者：张洋[1] 张荣[1] 胥婷婷[1] 田种存[1] ZHANG Yang ZHANG Rong XU Ting- ting TI^VN Zhong-cun(Academy of Agricultural and Forestry, Qinghai University, Xining Qinghai 810016, China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海农林科技》2017年第3期1-4,共4页Science and Technology of Qinghai Agriculture and Forestry

基　　金：青海省科技支撑计划项目(2015-NK-113);青海省重大科技专项计划项目(2016-NK-A8)

摘　　要：为确定青海省黄瓜种植的合理施氮量,研究不同施氮量对黄瓜生物性状、土壤硝态氮含量和速效养分的影响。结果表明:施用尿素352kg/hm2处理下,黄瓜叶片数为15.8个/株,较习惯施肥增加1.3个/株;茎粗为0.95cm/株,较习惯施肥增加0.06cm/株;株展为71.5cm/株,较习惯施肥增加3.2cm/株。黄瓜定植前和收获后0-100cm土层硝态氮累积量呈现先升高再降低的趋势,且在20-40cm土壤硝态氮出现一个明显的累积峰值;习惯施肥处理下0-100cm土壤硝态氮累积量最高,施用尿素352kg/hm2处理下最低。收获后较定植前土壤碱解氮提高了0.14-0.17mg/kg,习惯施肥增幅最大为8.90%;有机质降低了0.63-1.05g/kg,施用尿素352kg/hm2处理降幅最小为3.64%。可为该地区的合理施肥提供理论依据。To determine the reasonable amount of nitrogen fertilizer for cucumber cultivation,a field experiment was conducted to research the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer treatments on biological characteristics,soil nitrate-N accumulation and available nutrients in Qinghai Province. The results showed that under the treatment of urea 352kg/hm^2,the leaf number of cucumber was 15. 8cm,which was 1. 3cm higher than that of customary fertilization; The stem diameter of cucumber was 0. 95cm/plant,which was 0. 06cm/plant higher than that of customary fertilization; The plant expansion of cucumber was 71. 5cm/plant,which was 3. 2cm/plant higher than that of customary fertilization. The nitrate-N accumulation in 0-100 cm soil layer increased first and then decreased before planting and harvest,and there was a significant accumulation peak in 20-40 cm soil. The nitrate-N accumulation in 0-100 soil was highest in customary fertilization,and lowest in urea 352kg/hm^2. Soil alkali solution was increased by 0. 14-0. 17mg/kg after the harvest compare with planting,and the maximum increase was 8. 90% in customary fertilization; Organic matter was decreased by 0. 63-1. 05mg/kg after the harvest compare with planting,and the maximum reduce was 3. 64%in urea 352kg/hm^2 treatment. It can provide a theoretical basis for rational fertilization of the area.

关 键 词：施肥 温室黄瓜 生长 硝态氮含量 速效养分 

分 类 号：B143.1[哲学宗教—世界哲学]