昆明长水国际机场雷暴天气特征及其成因  

THUNDERSTORM WEATHER CHARACTERISTICS AT KUNMING CHANGSHUI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AND THEIR FORMATION CAUSES

作　　者：邹琴 谢屹然[2] 许迎杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]大理州气象局,云南大理671000 [2]云南省气象台,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《云南地理环境研究》2017年第4期17-23,共7页Yunnan Geographic Environment Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"低纬高原强对流天气的闪电活动特征及其在预警中的应用"(41305002);云南省科技惠民计划项目"云南省人工防雹作业条件预报技术研究与应用"(2014RA002);"云南省强对流灾害性天气短临预警技术研究"(2016RA096)共同资助

摘　　要：利用2006~2015年共10年云南地闪定位网资料和对应的常规气象资料,综合分析昆明长水国际机场地闪时空分布和强雷暴过程的大尺度环流特征,得出如下结论:机场附近的负地闪年平均密度为6次/km^2,正地闪年平均回击密度为0.1次/km^2。大约95%的负地闪发生在5至9月。正地闪最多发生在8月(27%),在4月份还存在另一峰值(12%)。地闪活动日变化的第一个高峰出现在17∶00~18∶00,第二个次高峰出现在凌晨3∶00,这与当地中尺度系统具有夜发性的特点有关。建立了包括天气背景、地闪回击频率和雷暴持续时间等的长水机场强雷暴过程的概念模型,以期为长水机场雷暴预警提供参考依据。Based on data from the Yunnan Lightning Detection Network( YNLDN),spanning a period of ten years between 2006 and 2015,temporal and spatial distributions of cloud-to-ground(CG) lightning at Kunming changshui airport are studied. Then the large scale circulation characteristics of the strong thunderstorm are analyzed by using the common meteorological data. The results showmean negative CG stroke density is 6 km^(-2) yr^(-1) near Kunming changshui airport,and mean positive CG stroke density is 0. 1 km^(-2) yr^(-1) . The mean monthly variation shows maximum CG lightning between May and September(95%). The monthly distribution of positive flashes shows a main maximum in August( 27%) and a secondary maximum in April( 12%). The diurnal variation of CG lightning flashes shows a maximum around 17 ∶ 00-18 ∶ 00 LT,with a secondary peak at 03 ∶ 00 LT. This variation is associated with local mesoscale circulation,which has an obvious nocturnal feature. The concept models mainly include the weather background,CG stroke frequency,thunderstorm duration and other product characteristics. These can provide reference basis for the nowcasting of the thunderstorm.

关 键 词：长水国际机场 雷暴 地闪 飞行安全 

分 类 号：P446[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]