固体废物沥青路面利用的环境风险评估  

Progress on environmental risk assessment on solid wastes utilized in asphalt pavement

作　　者：张晶[1,2] 孙英杰[1] 杨玉飞[2] 杨金忠[2] 黄启飞[2] 

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,山东青岛266033 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2017年第6期746-753,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项(2016YEE0127800)

摘　　要：固体废物用于沥青路面建设具有广阔的发展前景,但由于固体废物中含有重金属等有害物质,其作为沥青路面利用的首要前提是环境安全。概述了沥青路面建设中固体废物的主要利用方式和现状,总结了固体废物中的有害物质在道路利用时造成的地下水和大气环境风险的评估方法,并介绍了常用于固体废物和水泥混凝土中重金属的浸出方法。通过总结沥青-集料的黏附性机理,以及目前固体废物道路利用中的重金属浸出方法,讨论了固体废物沥青路面利用环境风险评估中污染物释放的定量表征方法(浸出方法)的适宜性。结果表明:由于缺乏针对特定场景污染物浸出方法的研究,固体废物道路利用的环境风险评价只能通过实验室模拟和借鉴国外模型的方法进行。因此,固体废物沥青路面利用污染物的浸出方法应还原实际应用场景,需考虑车轮荷载、紫外线照射等因素。指出未来的研究方向为制定针对固体废物再利用领域的环境风险评价标准。There are broad development prospects for solid waste utilization in the construction of asphaltpavement. As solid wastes may contain heavy metals and other contaminants,the environmental safety is theprimary premise of their applications in asphalt pavement. The main utilization modes and current situations of solidwastes in asphalt pavement construction were reviewed. Meanwhile,the research methods of environmental riskassessment of the contaminants in the solid wastes in road use on the groundwater and atmosphere weresummarized,and the common leaching methods of heavy metals in solid wastes and cement and concreteintroduced. Based on a summary of the mechanism of asphaltaggregate adhesion and the current heavy metalleaching methods in the use of solid wastes in pavement,the suitability of the quantitative characterization method（ leaching method）of pollutants release in the environmental risk assessment of solid wastes utilization in asphaltpavement was discussed. It is concluded that the environmental risk assessment of solid waste pavement can becarried out only by laboratory simulation and in foreign models due to the lack of research on the leaching methodsof pollutants in specific scenes. Therefore,the pollutant leaching methods for solid waste use in asphalt pavementshould restore actual application scenarios,taking into account the wheel load,ultraviolet radiation and otherfactors. Finally,it is pointed out that the development of environmental risk assessment standards for solid wasterecycling should be the future research trend.

关 键 词：固体废物 沥青 路面利用 重金属 环境风险评估 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]