维持黄河下游中水河槽的小浪底调控指标分析  

Analysis of Regulation Indicators of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir Based on Maintaining the Lower Yellow River for Normal Channel

作　　者：钱胜[1] 马翠丽 崔振华[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,河南郑州450003 [2]河南省水利勘测设计有限公司,河南郑州450008

出　　处：《人民黄河》2017年第11期15-18,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402501);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAC10B02)

摘　　要：塑造和维持黄河下游中水河槽,是维护黄河健康生命的一项重要任务,也是对小浪底水库拦沙期运用的基本要求。通过分析黄河下游河道平滩流量的变化与进入下游的水沙量之间的响应关系,以及建立平滩流量与滑动平均汛期水量和洪水流量的关系,提出长期维持黄河下游中水河槽的调控指标为:流量不小于2 600 m^3/s,历时不小于6 d。通过分析当前4 000 m^3/s左右中水河槽的下游河道洪水冲淤特性,提出当前维持中水河槽对小浪底水库的运用要求为:汛前调水调沙尽可能塑造接近下游平滩流量的洪水过程,调控流量为3 500 m^3/s左右;汛期结合中游洪水过程塑造2 500m^3/s以上量级且具有一定历时的洪水过程。Reforming and maintaining the normal channel in the lower Yellow River is an important task for maintaining the healthy life of the Yellow River and a basic requirement for the Xiaolangdi Reservoir during the sediment-retaining operational period. By analyzing the relation between the change of the bankfull discharge of the lower Yellow River and the amount of water and sediment flowing into the lower reaches,the relationship between the bankfull discharge and the average annual flood volume and flood discharge was established. This paper put forward that,the long-term control flow index of downstream channel should not be less than 2 600 m^3/s and duration not shorter than 6 days.Through the analysis of flood scouring and silting characteristics under the current medium flood of 4 000 m^3/s,the operation requirements of Xiaolangdi Reservoir to maintain the river channel for medium flood are as follows: flood water and sediment regulation as soon as possible to shape the flood process near bankfull discharge in the lower reaches with the control flow is about 3 500 m^3/s; with middle flood process shape above 2 500 m^3/s and has a certain level of flood process duration in the flood season.

关 键 词：中水河槽 平滩流量 调控流量 小浪底水库 黄河下游 

分 类 号：TV697[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV882.1