某输水隧洞作业人员氡累积暴露量与致肺癌关系的初步研究  

A Preliminary Study on the Relationship Between the Cumulative Exposure of Radon and the Cause of Lung Cancer of the Operating Staff in a Water Tunnel

作　　者：曹磊[1] CAO Lei.(Beijing Institute of Occupational Medicine for Chemical Industry,Beijing 100093 China)

机构地区：[1]北京市化工职业病防治院,北京100093

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2017年第4期461-463,共3页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：科研院所技术开发研究专项基金(2012EG150137);北京市职业病防治领域高层次专业技术人才培养项目(2014742603767J008)

摘　　要：目的通过测算某输水隧洞作业人员氡子体的累积暴露量,探讨氡引起的职业照射水平与致肺癌的关系。方法分别采用氡和氡子体测量仪器,对现场关注点的氡及其子体水平进行了测量,采用被动式累积探测器对隧洞内氡、钍射气浓度水平进行了检测及数据分析。结果隧洞内关注点氡及平衡氡浓度分布呈现了凌晨高于午后的特点,初步分析了隧洞中氡及钍射气来源,氡子体总暴露量约为49.7 WLM,估算有效剂量约为497 mSv。结论从氡及其子体暴露的个案角度分析,在较短的时间内,作业人员接受氡及其子体暴露量的迅速增加。考虑到同时处于恶劣的隧洞施工条件下(单向掘进通风不良,生产性粉尘暴露量高,隧洞内未采用防氡、降氡措施,引水隧洞内气溶胶水平居高不下等),高氡子体暴露和生产性粉尘(游离SiO_2和ThO_2)对职业性肺癌可能具有协同作用,亟需开展职业性肺癌危害的进一步研究。Objective The relationship between the level of occupational exposure induced by radon and the mechanism of lung cancer was investigated by measuring the cumulative exposure of radon progeny exposed to the operating staff in a water tunnel.Methods Radon gas and its progeny measuring instruments were used to measure radon and its progeny levels of the field.The passive concentration detector was used to detect and analyze the concentration level of radon and thoron in the tunnel.Results The distributions of concerned radon concentration and equilibrium equivalent radon concentration in the tunnel showed that concentration in morning was higher than in the afternoon,potential alpha energy exposure of radon progeny is 49.7 WLM.The effective dose is 497 mSv.The source of radon and thoron in tunnel was analyzed.The correlation between the causes of lung cancer and the cumulative exposure of radon progeny was studied.Conclusion From the perspective of exposure to radon and its progeny,the exposure of radon and its progeny exposed to the operating staff will increase rapidly for a short period of time.Considering the operating staff at the same time in construction of poor tunnel conditions,such as one-way tunneling poor ventilation,high production dust exposure,no radon protection and decreasing measures in the tunnel,high levels of aerosol tunnel,and so on,the synergistic effect of high radon exposure and production of dust（free SiO_2 and ThO_2） on occupational hazards induced lung cancer may have synergistic effects,Further research is urgently needed.

关 键 词：氡暴露 输水隧洞 肺癌 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]