台湾地区社会分歧变动与政治竞争主轴转移  

Social Cleavages and Paradigm Shift of Political Competition in Taiwan

作　　者：殷存毅[1] 吴维旭 Yin Cunyi;Wu Weixu

机构地区：[1]清华大学台湾研究院 [2]清华大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《台湾研究》2017年第5期1-10,共10页Taiwan Studies

摘　　要：由于朝向"本土化"的民主转型与两岸关系的特殊性,台湾经济性社会分歧议题长期受到认同性社会分歧压制。自1990年代以来,台湾经济出现成长率下降、失业率增加与所得分配恶化三重现象,过去均富成长的基础遭受侵蚀,经济低迷与贫富差距拉大相对增强了"左-分配"轴线的份量。由于朝向大陆的产业外移与岛内后工业社会转型,认同与左右分歧相互叠加,年轻世代的相关立场最为明显。社会分歧的变动带动政治竞争主轴转移,经济复苏与公平分配的政见成为蓝绿阵营进行社会动员的基调,国民党偏向被动追随民进党的选战与"社运"议题。但新自由主义政策在台湾依旧占据主导地位,经济状况的起伏形塑台湾朝野政党在"拼经济"与"重分配"两端政策偏好上的周期性波动。Due to the localization of democratic transition and the particularity of cross-Strait relations, issues of economic social cleavages had long been suppressed by identity cleavages in Taiwan. Since the 1990s, the triple phenomena have happened with Taiwan＇s economic：declining growth rate, rising unemployment and worsening income distribution. The basis for economic growth of equally shared prosperity has suffered a loss, the economic downturn and increased wealth gap relatively enhance the proportion of ＂left - distribution＂. Because of industrial transfer toward Mainland and post-industrial society transformation, the cleavages of identity and ＂left-right＂ are superimposed, and position of young generation is most apparent. The change of social cleavages drives paradigm shift of political competition, economic recovery and the fair distribution become tone for social mobilization of main political parties in Taiwan. And it is appearing that the KMT passive follow the DPP＇s election campaign and social movement issues. But it is worth noting that the neoliberalism policies are still dominant, Taiwan＇s poor economic conditions shapes that the policies of main parties present cyclical fluctuations between economic developmentalism and the redistribution.

关 键 词：社会分歧 认同政治 阶级分化 贫富差距 

分 类 号：D618[政治法律—政治学]