粘结剂对生物质炭基尿素微观结构和性能影响的研究  

Study on the effect of binders on microstructure and properties of biochar-based urea

作　　者：蒋恩臣[1] 卢爽 张伟[1] 王秋静[1] 秦丽元[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《可再生能源》2017年第10期1437-1442,共6页Renewable Energy Resources

基　　金：国家科技支撑课题(2014BAD06B04);黑龙江省青年科学基金项目(QC2015049)

摘　　要：文章以生物质炭为基体,添加5种具有代表性的粘结剂制备了生物质炭基尿素,并对其微观结构、力学性能、持水性能、重金属吸附性和肥料缓释性能进行了分析和评价。结果表明:5种炭基尿素的微观结构存在明显区别,粘结剂为羧甲基纤维素钠的炭基尿素结构最为致密,最大变形力为630.29 N,远高于粘结剂为凹凸棒土的炭基尿素(最大变形力为81.42 N);粘结剂种类对炭基尿素的吸水速率和重金属吸附速率有明显的影响,当吸水时间为10 min时,以凹凸棒土和羧甲基纤维素钠为粘结剂的炭基尿素的吸水倍率分别为0.84和0.65;相比纯尿素,5种炭基尿素对尿素都起到了缓释效果,其中,以羧甲基纤维素钠和氧化淀粉为粘结剂的炭基尿素的缓释性能要优于其他炭基尿素。In the paper, biochar-based urea was prepared by adding 5 kinds of representative binders, and their microstructure, mechanical property, water resistance, property of heavy metal adsorption, slow-release property were analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that there were obvious differences in the microstructure of the five biochar-based urea. The biochar-based urea with the carboxymethyl cellulose sodium as the binder was of dense structure, and its maximum deformation force is 630.29 N, which was much higher than that of the attapulgite clay（its maximum deformation force is 81.42 N）. The type of binder on the rate of water absorption and heavy metal adsorption rate of biochar-based urea had a significant impact. When the water absorption time was10 min, the water absorption rate of the biochar-based urea with attapulgite and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium were 0.84 and 0.65, respectively. Compared with pure urea fertilizer, 5 kinds of biochar-based urea all had controlled release effect on urea, and the biochar-based urea with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and oxidized starch as binders were better than others.

关 键 词：粘结剂 炭基尿素 吸水性 力学性能 缓释性能 重金属吸附性 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能] S216[农业科学—农业机械化工程]