经鼻高流量氧疗在成人呼吸衰竭患者中的应用进展  

Research Progress in the Application of HFNC in Adult Acute Respiratory Failure

作　　者：高敏 韩小彤[1] 文辉[1] 袁霞[1] 尹丽 宁凤玲 

机构地区：[1]湖南省人民医院急诊重症医学科/呼吸治疗专科,长沙410005

出　　处：《医学综述》2017年第22期4468-4472,共5页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：湖南省人民医院仁术科研发展基金(仁术基金三类2015-47-03)

摘　　要：经鼻高流量氧疗(HFNC)是指通过鼻导管将可调节氧浓度的高流量氧气、空气及等温饱和水蒸气混合气体输送给患者的一种氧疗方式。HFNC可有效应用于各种原因导致的轻中度低氧性呼吸衰竭,但对于重度低氧性呼吸衰竭的急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者,HFNC的应用是否会导致气管插管延迟尚存在争议;HFNC应用于免疫缺陷合并急性呼吸衰竭患者可降低气管插管率;HFNC还可用于气管插管前预充氧、拔管后和手术后急性呼吸衰竭的预防。此外,HFNC用于成人急性Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的治疗,可降低患者动脉血二氧化碳分压和呼吸频率,且患者耐受性较好。Nasal high-flow oxygen therapy （HFNC） refers to an oxygen therapy that delivers high concentrations of oxygen, air, and isothermal saturated water vapor to the patient through a nasal catheter. HFNC can be effectively applied to mild to moderate hypoxic respiratory failure of various causes, but the use of HFNC in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome with severe hypoxic respiratory failure is still controversial;HFNC can be used in patients with immunodeficiency associated with acute respiratory failure to reduce tracheal intubation rate ; HFNC can also be used for pre-oxygenation before tracheal intubation, extubation and prevention of acute respiratory failure after surgery. In addition, in the treatment of adult acute type ]I respiratory failure, HFNC can reduce arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure and respiratory rate, with good patient tolerance.

关 键 词：急性呼吸衰竭 成人 经鼻高流量氧疗 氧疗 

分 类 号：R563.8[医药卫生—呼吸系统]