淮北市某煤矿煤工尘肺累计发病率变化趋势  

Tendency of cumulative incidence of coal workers' pneumoconiosis in a coal mine in Huaibei City

作　　者：孟见 丁新平[2] 陈姣 崔风涛 刘建华[1] 沈福海 

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学公共卫生学院,河北唐山063210 [2]淮北矿业股份有限公司职业病防治院,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2017年第5期557-561,共5页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：基金项目:河北省重点职业病防治技术研究(13277709D)

摘　　要：目的分析淮北某煤矿不同开始接尘年代、不同工种的接尘工人煤工尘肺(CWP)累计发病率的变化趋势。方法采用判断抽样方法,以1970—2014年在淮北市煤矿开始从事煤矿开采工作的12 152名接尘工人为调查对象,根据开始接尘年代分为1970~和1980~年组,根据接尘工种分为掘进组、采煤组、混合组和辅助组,采用寿命表法计算各组工人CWP累计发病率。结果 12 152名工人中,CWP患者594人,患病率为4.89%。在相同的第34年观察期内,1970~年组工人CWP累计发病率高于1980~年组(8.03%vs 5.45%,P<0.01)。至2014年,掘进组、采煤组、混合组、辅助组工人CWP累计发病率分别为69.33%、40.53%、36.66%和19.70%。掘进组工人CWP累计发病率从第14年时间窗开始升高,采煤组工人从第16年时间窗开始升高,混合组和辅助组工人CWP累计发病率均从第18年时间窗开始升高。1970~年组第34年时间窗,采煤组工人CWP累计发病率最高,为33.83%(P<0.004);混合组工人CWP累计发病率最低,为2.28%(P<0.004)。1970~年组第44年时间窗,掘进组工人CWP累计发病率最高,为66.66%(P<0.004);辅助组工人CWP累计发病率最低,为27.24%(P<0.004)。1980~年组第34年时间窗,掘进组工人CWP累计发病率最高,为29.87%(P<0.004)。结论随着开始接尘年代的推移,接尘工人CWP累计发病率的增长呈减缓趋势;不同开始接尘年代的不同工种接尘工人CWP累计发病率存在差异。Objective To analyze the tendency of incidence in coal workers＇ pneumoconiosis（ CWP） in different time of dust exposure and different types of work in a mining enterprise in Huaibei City. Methods A total of 12 152 dust exposed workers who worked from 1970 to 2014 in a mining enterprise in Huaibei City were chosen as study subjects by judgment sampling method. They were divided into 2 cohorts were formed according to initial year of dust exposure（ 1970-,1980-）,and 4 group according to the type of work（ tunneling,mining,combining and helping）. Life table method was adopted to calculate cumulative life-incidence of CWP in each cohort. Results Among 12 152 workers,there were 594 of them diagnosed as CWP patients with a 4. 89% of incidence. During the same 34-year-observation period,the cumulative CWP incidence of 1970-cohort was higher than that of the 1980 s（ 8. 03% vs 5. 45%,P〈0. 01）. The cumulative CWP incidence of tunneling,mining,combining and helping workers were 69. 33%,40. 53%,36. 66% and 19. 70% by 2014,respectively. The cumulative incidence of CWP in tunneling group started to rise from the 14-year-observation window,mining＇s from 16-year-observation window,combining and helping workers from 18-year-observation window. Among the workers in 1970-cohort at the 34-year-observation window,the CWP cumulative incidence in mining group was the highest（ 33. 83%,P〈0. 004）,and combining＇s was the lowest（ 2. 28%,P〈0. 004）. Among the workers in 1970-cohort at the 44-year-observation window,the CWP cumulative incidence in tunneling group was the highest（ 66. 66%,P〈0. 004）,and helping＇s was the lowest（ 27. 24%,P〈0. 004）. Among the workers in 1980-cohort at the 34-year-observation window,the CWP cumulative incidence in tunneling group was the highest（ 29. 87%,P〈0. 004）. Conclusion The cumulative incidence of CWP patients was slowed down with prolonged dust exposure starting time. There were differences among different types of workers with different starting time of

关 键 词：煤工尘肺 粉尘 发病规律 累计发病率 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]