职业性慢性苯中毒患者微核检测结果分析  

Analyzing micronucleus test in patients with occupational chronic benzene poisoning

作　　者：方延 郭孔荣[2] 黄明[3] 田薇[1] 吴含恬 孙道远[2] 夏昭林[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院职业卫生与毒理学教研室,上海200032 [2]上海市肺科医院职业中毒科,200433 [3]广东省职业病防治院,广东省职业病防治重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2017年第5期572-575,共4页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC81474929);国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAI12B01);广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2012A061400007)

摘　　要：目的探讨职业性慢性苯中毒患者染色体损伤情况及其可能的影响因素。方法采用方便抽样法,以50例职业性慢性苯中毒患者为慢性苯中毒组,以53名无职业接触苯及其他有毒物质的工人为对照组。对研究对象进行问卷调查和血常规检测,采用胞质分裂阻滞微核法进行微核率检测。结果慢性苯中毒组患者周围血红细胞计数、血红蛋白水平、白细胞计数、血小板计数、淋巴细胞计数和中性粒细胞计数均低于对照组(P<0.01),淋巴细胞微核率高于对照组(均值:6.26‰vs 3.91‰,P<0.01),微核率偏高的比例高于对照组(46.0%vs 5.7%,P<0.01);多因素Poisson回归分析结果显示,在排除性别、年龄、吸烟、饮酒和职业性苯接触工龄的影响后,脱离苯接触年限是慢性苯中毒组患者微核率的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论职业性慢性苯中毒可导致患者淋巴细胞染色体损伤增加;脱离苯接触时间与染色体损伤呈正相关。Objective To analyze chromosome damage and its possible influencing factors in patients with occupational chronic benzene poisoning. Methods Fifty patients with occupational chronic benzene poisoning were selected as chronic benzene poisoning group,and 53 workers without occupational exposure to benzene and other toxic substances were chosen as control group by using convenience sampling method. Questionnaire and routine blood test were conducted on all study subjects. Micronucleus rate test was performed by micronucleus blocking cytokinesis assay. Results Peripheral blood tests of chronic benzene poisoning group showed significantly reduced hemoglobin level,counts of red blood cells,white blood cells,platelets,lymphocytes and neutrophils（ P〈0. 01）,and higher lymphocyte micronucleus rates compared to control group（ !： 6. 26‰ vs 3. 91‰,P〈0. 01）. The proportion of increased lymphocyte micronucleus rate in chromic benzene poisoning group was also higher than that in control group（ 46. 0% vs 5. 7%,P〈0. 01）. The multivariate Poisson analysis results indicated that the time after disengagement from benzene exposure was the influencing factor of micronucleus rate in chronic benzene poisoning group（ P〈0. 05）,after adjusting the confounding factors of gender,age,smoking status,alcohol drinking status and working age of benzene exposure. Conclusion Occupational chronic benzene poisoning leads to increase of chromosome damage in lymphocytes of patients. The time after disengagement from benzene exposure was positively correlated with chromosome damage.

关 键 词：慢性苯中毒 周围血象 微核率 染色体损伤 

分 类 号：R135.12[医药卫生—劳动卫生]