汽车制造业工人颈痛影响因素分析  

Influencing factors of neck pain in automobile industry workers

作　　者：殷红 吴家兵 凌瑞杰 

机构地区：[1]湖北省职业病医院,湖北武汉430015 [2]十堰市职业病防治院,十堰442000

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2017年第5期584-587,共4页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAI12B03)

摘　　要：目的探讨汽车制造业工人颈痛患病情况,分析其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样方法,选择某汽车制造厂工龄1.0年以上的1 566名工人为调查对象。采用《肌肉骨骼疾患标准调查表》对调查对象颈痛患病情况进行调查,分析颈痛患病的影响因素。结果该厂工人颈痛年患病率为57.4%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄越大、工龄越长、文化程度越高者,罹患颈痛的风险越高(P<0.05);女性、颈前倾、颈扭转、工作姿势不舒适、驾驶车辆、特殊条件下作业、经常轮班和经常加班者罹患颈痛的风险较高(P<0.05)。结论性别、年龄、文化程度、工龄、颈前倾、颈扭转、工作姿势不舒适、驾驶车辆、特殊条件下作业、经常轮班和经常加班均是颈痛的影响因素。Objective To explore the prevalence of neck pain in automobile manufacturing workers and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 1 566 workers with length of service over 1. 0 year from a automobile manufacturing factory were selected by using cluster random sampling method. The Musculoskeletal Disorders Standard Questionnaire was used to investigate the musculoskeletal disorders status of study subjects. The influencing factors that cause neck pain among the automobile manufacturing workers were analyzed. Results The annual prevalence of neck pain among workers was 57. 4%. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that workers with older age,longer length of service and higher educational level had higher risk of neck pain（ P〈0. 05）. The female gender,neck forward,prolonged neck twisting,working with uncomfortable postures,driving,special operating conditions,regularly shifting work,and frequent overtime working promote the occurrence of neck pain（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The gender,age,educational level,length of service,neck forward,prolonged neck twisting,working with uncomfortable postures,driving,special operating conditions,regularly shifting work,and frequent overtime working are influencing factors of neck pain.

关 键 词：肌肉骨骼疾患 颈痛 患病率 危险因素 汽车制造 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]