某大型电子制造企业女工职业紧张影响因素分析  

Influencing factors of occupational stress among female workers in a large electronic manufacturing enterprise

作　　者：刘文慧[1,2] 靳雅丽 黎丽春[1] 耿继武[1] 温薇[1] 李荣宗[1] 陈惠清[1] 苏世标[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东省职业病防治重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]广东药科大学公共卫生学院,510310 [3]广州市第十二人民医院,510620

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2017年第5期604-609,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2013B021800177);广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2012A061400007)

摘　　要：目的分析某大型电子制造企业女工职业紧张的影响因素。方法采用方便抽样方法,以某大型电子制造企业1 081名女工作为调查对象,采用中文版《工作内容问卷》和《付出-回报失衡问卷》调查其职业紧张状况并分析影响因素。结果 1 081名女工中,有70.95%的员工为工作需求-自主(JDC)模式高职业紧张,19.43%的员工为付出-回报失衡(ERI)模式高职业紧张。高中及以上学历、流水线作业和接触职业危害因素均是女工发生JDC模式高职业紧张的危险因素(P<0.01);初中及以下学历女工发生ERI模式高职业紧张的风险高于高中及以上学历者(P<0.01)。结论该电子制造业女工的职业紧张检出率较高,以JDC模式高职业紧张为主,其主要影响因素为学历、作业方式和接触职业危害因素情况。Objective To analyze the influencing factors that cause occupational stress among female workers in a large electronic manufacturing enterprise. Methods A total of 1 081 female workers from a large electronic manufacturing enterprise were selected by the cluster random sampling method. The Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire and Effort Reward Imbalance Questionnaire were used to assess occupational stress and its influencing factors were analyzed.Results Among 1 081 female workers,70. 95% and 19. 43% of them showed high level of occupational stress of job demand-control（ JDC） model and effort-reward imbalance（ ERI） model,respectively. Educational level with senior high school and above,assembly line working and exposure to occupational hazards were risk factors for high occupational stress of JDC model in female workers（ P〈0. 01）. The risk of high occupational stress ERI model in female workers with junior high school educational level and below was higher than that of senior high school educational level and above（ P〈0. 01）.Conclusion The occupational stress rate of female workers in this electronic manufacturing enterprise is high. The main occupational stress model is JDC model. The main influencing factors of JDC model are educational level,operation mode and status of occupational hazard exposure.

关 键 词：职业紧张 电子制造 女工 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]