天然气集输中水合物控制研究进展  

Research advances of controlling hydrate in natural gas gathering pipeline

作　　者：张书勤 胡耀强 杨博 鲍文 张娟利 

机构地区：[1]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《应用化工》2017年第11期2247-2251,2256,共6页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC26B00);延长石油集团项目(YCSY2015KY-B-20)

摘　　要：缓解天然气水合物引起的输气管线堵塞问题的热力学方法有脱水、加热、减压、添加抑制剂等,其破坏生成水合物的热力学条件。脱水和加抑制剂是预防措施,以(TEG)吸收和分子筛吸附为主。抑制剂以甲醇、乙二醇为主;加热、降压只用于解堵。动力学抑制剂仅降低水合物的生成速度,而不改变热力学条件而实现;以PVP、PVCap、Poly(VP/VC)等聚合物为主,同时复配醚类、醇类,加量在1.0%~5.0%。防聚剂则改变水合物的生成形态和生成量,使其与流体相均匀混合流动而不发生堵塞。热力学抑制剂加量大、毒性强是不利因素。动力学抑制剂是行业发展的方向。There are some methods to relieve blocked pipe and equipment. It shows that thermodynamics inhibition methods include dehydration,heating,reducing pressure,and inhibitor,which change the condition of forming hydrate. Dehydration and thermodynamics are preventive measures. Dehydration technology includes mainly TEG and molecular sieves. Thermodynamics inhibitors include methyl alcohol and ethylene glycol. Heating and decreasing pressure are only used to plugging removal of hydrate. Dynamics controlling method includes kinetic inhibitor and dynamic controlling. Kinetic inhibitor does not change the condition of forming hydrate and only reduces the generation rate,which mainly includes PVP,PVCap,and poly( VP/VC) and some ethers alchol are also compounded,when plus amount 1. 0% ~ 5. 0%. Antiagglomerant( AA) is also used to change hydrate shape and output,and mixture with mobile phase to flow not to block the pipeline. Thermodynamics method is mature now but has some shortcoming( large-dosage and strong toxicity). Kinetic inhibitor is a hot in future. Enhancing degradation rate of kinetic inhibitor is the focus of much research,and decreasing the cost and improving the convenience of supply is the precondition for large-scale industrial application.

关 键 词：油气集输 天然气水合物 热力学抑制剂 动力学抑制 

分 类 号：TQ31[化学工程—高聚物工业] TQ423.9