畜禽粪污生物好氧发酵固氮研究现状及其影响因素研究  

Research and Influencing Factors of Nitrogen Fixation in Aerobic Fermentation of Livestock and Poultry Manure

作　　者：余杰[1] 赵淑霞[1] 孙长虹[1] 杨侯剑 钱靖华[1] 高成杰[1] 彭应登[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市环境保护科学研究院,北京100037 [2]北京市固体废物和化学品管理中心,北京100053

出　　处：《环境科学与管理》2017年第8期83-88,共6页Environmental Science and Management

基　　金：北京市科技计划课题:"密云水库保护区生态型产业关键技术研究与示范(D151100005915002)"

摘　　要：好氧发酵是有效实现畜禽粪便处理及资源化利用的有效途径,尽管好氧发酵在处理畜禽粪便过程中有很多优势,但其存在潜在的环境问题。大多数氮素是以氨气的形式挥发损失,还有少量的氧化态氮挥发,或者以硝态氮随水流失,氮的流失一方面降低了好氧发酵成品中的氮含量,也就降低了成品农学价值;另一方面成了臭气的环境污染源。本文阐述了畜禽粪便好氧发酵过程中氮素转化及主要损失途径,在实践经验的基础上,总结分析了影响好氧发酵过程中氮素损失的主要因素(包括物料初始特性、堆体环境参数、工艺条件),提出了有效控制氮素损失的调控措施。Aerobic fermentation is an effective way to treat livestock and poultry manure and the utilization of resources.While aerobic fermentation has many advantages in the process of handling the feces of livestock and poultry, it has the potential environmental problems.Most of the nitrogen is in the form of ammonia volatilization, but there is a small amount of oxidized nitrogen volatilization, or nitrate nitrogen or nitrogen loss with runoff.The loss of nitrogen will reduce the nitrogen content of aerobic fermentation products and the value of agricultural products.On the other hand, it will also cause odor.This paper describes the main nitrogen transformation and loss way of livestock and poultry manure in the aerobic fermentation process.On the basis of practice, it summarizes and analyzes the main factors influencing the nitrogen loss in the process of aerobic fermentation（including material properties, initial pile parameters, environmental conditions, and puts forward some effective measures to control nitrogen losses.

关 键 词：畜禽粪污 好氧发酵 固氮 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]